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Theoretical and Mathematical Physics

Wave function and the probability current distribution for a bound electron moving in a uniform magnetic field

V. N. Rodionov, Galina Al'bertovna Kravtsova, A. M. Mandel

Published Jul 1, 2010• 6 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s11232-010-0076-5

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An approximate analytic solution for the ground electron state are found to the Schroedinger equation for a combination of a uniform magnetic field and single attractive delta-potential. Effect of the magnetic field on this bound localized electron state is discussed. We show that above effect leads to appearing the probability current density in some region centered in the point of the delta-potential as well as to enlarging (for a number of physical models) the localization region of the electron in the plane perpendicular to the magnetic field. We are expected that these properties can be of importance for real quantum mechanical systems.
Quantum mechanically, an electron moving in a uniform magnetic field forms Landau levels. A curious feature is that for states with a negative angular quantum number, the total probability current vanishes, which appears to contradict the classical picture of cyclotron motion. While a geometric interpretation based on classical orbits exists, alternative interpretations remain of interest. In this paper, we examine the probability current density and identify a critical radius that naturally partitions the plane into an inner clockwise-flow region and an outer counterclockwise-flow region. We show that the vanishing total current results from an exact cancellation between these two regions. Furthermore, by defining a partitioned kinetic angular momentum with respect to the critical radius, we reveal an intrinsic competitive structure: the electron simultaneously carries two opposing rotational components. The negative quantum number manifests in the strength of the inner counter-rotation, while the net kinetic angular momentum remains positive. This bidirectional flow picture also provides a dynamical interpretation of the infinite degeneracy of Landau levels.