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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Spectral Hole-Burning for Solid-State Quantum Memory

Elizabeth A. Goldschmidt, Sarah E. Beavan, Matthew D. Eisaman, Jingyun Fan, Michael Hohensee, Zachary H. Levine, Ludwig Mathey, Sergey V. Polyakov, Alan L. Migdall

Published Jan 1, 2009• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report progress in using spectral hole-burning in praseodymium doped Y2SiO5 to prepare an ensemble of Pr3+ ions with a spectral distribution optimized for use in a Duan-Lukin-Cirac-Zoller-type (DLCZ) quantum-repeater scheme.
DOI
10.1364/iqec.2009.ithh6

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This work presents the methods and results of an attempt to measure the oscillator strengths in Pr3+ : Y2Si05 .Pr3+ : Y2Si05 is a promising material in current efforts to create a quantum computer.The property which is to be exploited in the quantum computing scheme proposed by the group within which this work was done, is spinpolarization.To be able to create a polarization of the nuclear spins of the Pr3+ -ions, information about the oscillator strengths of the candidate material is crucial.This is the main object of the work in this report.
Spectral hole burning material parameters that impact optical memory architecture and performance are investigated. Optical power budget analysis for the data storage process reveals that although narrow homogeneous linewidth can confer high data density, it does not optimally support high data rates. Trading narrow linewidth for higher oscillator strength would be desirable, if attainable. Experimental measurement of oscillator strengths, quantum yield into alternative hyperfine ground state levels, and persistence of the hyperfine level populations in Eu3+:Y2SiO5 and Pr3+:Y2SiO5 are presented and discussed. Quantum yield measurements of less than 25% indicate that spin projections are strongly preserved during excitation and relaxation processes. The hole depth consequently attainable from single π-pulse illumination requires trade-offs in memory system design.
Persistent spectral hole-burning is extensively studied in many materials. In inorganic materials doped with rare earth ions, we have mainly two mechanisms for hole-burning; one is optical pumping to hyperfine sublevels in rare earth ions, and the other is optically induced rearrangement of local structure around optical centers. In crystals we often observe the hole due to the former mechanism while the hole due to the latter is reported mainly in glasses. Up to now, there seems to be only little study about the correlation between the mechanism of hole-burning and sample-quality or defects. Recently we reported that the character of holes in Y2O3:Pr3+ depends on the quality of samples [1]. In this paper we study the origin of these holes in Y2O3 with a well-controlled manner. For this purpose, we applied hole-burning spectroscopy to various Y2O3:Pr3+(0.2mol%) samples doped with other metallic ions.
Atomic ensembles in the form of rare-earth-doped crystals offer significant potential for implementing a quantum memory due to their long coherence lifetimes, enhanced light-matter interaction, and the potential for integration. We use a double Lambda configuration based on hyperfine levels in praseodymium doped yttrium orthosilicate. In this scheme, a probabilistically generated collective excitation of the internal atomic states in the form of a spin-wave is signaled by emission of a Stokes-shifted herald photon via spontaneous Raman scattering. After a storage delay, a read field addresses the appropriate transition, mapping the spin wave back to a photon, resulting in the emission of an anti-Stokes shifted retrieved photon. Momentum conservation, as dictated by phase-matching conditions, ensure that the herald and retrieved photons are emitted in a well-defined spatial modes relative to the co-propagating write and read optical fields. Inhomogeneous broadening of the absorption profile precludes straightforward implementation of the above scheme, and we resort to spectral hole-burning techniques to prepare a sub-ensemble of atoms with a narrow range of optical transition energy in the ground state. Using a second identical crystal, we also implement an optical spectral filter that suppresses the powerful write and read beams, and spontaneous-emission noise, while transmitting the herald and retrieved photons. We report on the second-order optical correlations between the herald and retrieved photons that are the signature of generation and retrieval of a stored spin-wave excitation. Demonstration of such a quantum memory is an enabling step towards distributing entanglement for a quantum repeater scheme.