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Optics Letters

Dynamical hysteresis in a three-level atomic system

Amitabh Joshi, Wenge Yang, Min Xiao

Published Apr 15, 2005• 39 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have experimentally investigated dynamical hysteresis behavior by changing the sweeping frequency of the cavity input field in the optical bistability of rubidium atoms (in a three-level atomic-type configuration) inside an optical cavity. The shape, width (or area), and direction of the hysteresis cycle are sensitive functions of the sweeping frequency for such an optical bistable system.

DOI
10.1364/ol.30.000905

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We have experimentally investigated dynamical hysteresis behavior by changing the sweeping frequency of the cavity input field in the optical bistability of rubidium atoms (in a three-level atomic-type configuration) inside an optical cavity. The shape, width (or area), and direction of the hysteresis cycle are sensitive functions of the sweeping frequency for such an optical bistable system.
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We theoretically investigate the optical bistability phenomenon in an ensemble of NNN non-interacting three-level atoms trapped inside an optical cavity. The atoms are in a ΛΛΛ-level configuration, where one atomic transition is coupled by a cavity mode, while the other one is coupled by a classical field. In addition, we consider a pumping field driving the cavity mode. With this system, we are able to observe new kinds of hysteresis, while scanning either the frequency of the pumping field or the Rabi frequency (intensity) of the control field. We show that they can be highly controllable via external parameters of the system, achieving very narrow widths, thus being very useful for building new devices, such as small fluctuation detectors in either frequency or intensity of laser fields.
We have experimentally studied the optical bistable behavior in an optical ring cavity filled with a collection of three-level $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type rubidium atoms, interacting with two collinearly propagating laser beams. The bistability so observed is very sensitive to the induced atomic coherence in this electromagnetically induced transparency system or consequently to the altered nonlinearity in the system and, thus, can easily be controlled by changing the intensity and the frequency detuning of the coupling field.