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Fortschritte der Physik

Experimental evidence of multimode non‐classical light emission using OPOs

Agnès Maître, Nicolas Treps, M. Martinelli, S. Ducci, Claude Fabre

Published Apr 24, 2003• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Any spatial measurement below the quantum standard limit requires multitransverse non‐classical light beams which can be produced by a transverse degenerate OPO. A multimode beam is characterized by a non uniform transverse repartition of noise. Using this criterion, we prove experimentally that a confocal Optical Parametric Oscillator emits a multimode non‐classical field.

DOI
10.1002/prop.200310057

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Abstract Any spatial measurement below the quantum standard limit requires multitransverse non‐classical light beams which can be produced by a transverse degenerate OPO. A multimode beam is characterized by a non uniform transverse repartition of noise. Using this criterion, we prove experimentally that a confocal Optical Parametric Oscillator emits a multimode non‐classical field.
The visibility and quality of optical images is ultimately limited not by diffraction but by the quantum noise affecting each pixel of a detector. Multimode non-classical states of light, characterized by spatial quantum correlation or local reduced quantum noise, permit in principle to go beyond the standard quantum limit and therefore to improve transverse optical resolution. It has been predicted that Optical Parametric Oscillators (OPO) operating simultaneously on many transverse modes are good candidates for generating multimode non-classical states of light. We perform an experiment showing that a c.w. confocal OPO above threshold emits such states. Below threshold, the OPO is turned to a multimode optical parametric amplifier.
Optical parametric oscillators (OPO) have been extensively used in the continuous variable quantum optics community as a resource to produce non-classical states of light, including squeezed states or entangled beams. In this paper, general description of multimode OPOs is presented, show that they are able to produce a very wide variety of multimode quantum states of light, and give techniques to measure or separate them. The description applies equally to the spatial and temporal configurations, which are experimentally studied in lab.
We show that an Optical Parametric Oscillator which is simultaneously resonant for several modes, either spatial or temporal, generates both below and above threshold a multimode non-classical state of light consisting of squeezed vacuum states in all the non-oscillating modes. We confirm this prediction by an experiment dealing with the degenerate TEM01_{01}01​ and TEM10_{10}10​ modes. We show the conservation of non-classical properties when the threshold is crossed. The experiment is made possible by the implementation of a new method to lock the relative phase of the pump and the injected beam.