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Optical Engineering

All-optical encryption/decryption for nonreturn-to-zero differential phase-shift keying signals using four-wave mixing in semiconductor optical amplifier

Xuelin Yang, Peng Zhou, Xiaonan Hu, Weisheng Hu

Published Apr 24, 2015• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

By experiment we demonstrate an all-optical encryption/decryption scheme for nonreturn-to-zero differential phase-shift keying (NRZ-DPSK) signals at 10 Gbit/s using all-optical exclusive-OR (XOR) logic. The key bit stream is performed by a pseudorandom bit stream. The all-optical XOR logic is achieved by nondegenerate four-wave mixing (FWM) in a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA), which allows high data rate operation and asymmetric optical powers of the two input bit streams. The gain dynamics and pattern effect associated with the SOA carrier lifetime are alleviated due to the constant envelope of the NRZ-DPSK signals.

DOI
10.1117/1.oe.54.4.046108

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By experiment we demonstrate an all-optical encryption/decryption scheme for nonreturn-to-zero differential phase-shift keying (NRZ-DPSK) signals at 10 Gbit/s using all-optical exclusive-OR (XOR) logic. The key bit stream is performed by a pseudorandom bit stream. The all-optical XOR logic is achieved by nondegenerate four-wave mixing (FWM) in a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA), which allows high data rate operation and asymmetric optical powers of the two input bit streams. The gain dynamics and pattern effect associated with the SOA carrier lifetime are alleviated due to the constant envelope of the NRZ-DPSK signals.
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Secure optical communication technologies are important means to solve the physical layer security for optical network. We present a scheme of secure optical communication system by all-optical signal processing technique. The scheme consists of three parts, as all-optical signal processing unit, optical key sequence generator, and synchronous control unit. In the paper, all-optical signal processing method is key technology using all-optical exclusive disjunction (XOR) gate based on optical cross-gain modulation effect, has advantages of wide dynamic range of input optical signal, simple structure and so on. All-optical XOR gate composed of two semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOA) is a symmetrical structure. By controlling injection current, input signal power, delay and filter bandwidth, the extinction ratio of XOR can be greater than 8dB. Finally, some performance parameters are calculated and the results are analyzed. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method can be achieved over 10Gbps optical signal encryption and decryption, which is simple, easy to implement, and error-free diffusion.
In this work, we investigate the two-photon absorption (TPA)-based quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifier (QD-SOA) to simulate the encryption and decryption. Optical logic gates and pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS) generators are realized using the TPA-based QD-SOA, and the encryption algorithm and key are based on these optical logic gates. The fast phase change due to the incorporation of TPA allows generation of keystream at high speed. Simulation results are carried out to show that encryption and decryption using PRBS based on optical logic gate are achievable.
We demonstrate the first all-optical optical code-division multiple-access (OCDMA) encryption and decryption system with variable two-code keying. The nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM)-based exclusive or (xor) employed in encryption utilizes the shortest length silica-based nonlinear fiber element to date, enabling a compact architecture. Fiber Bragg grating arrays create wavelength-hopping time-spreading OCDMA codes from broadband pulses at output ports of the xor resulting in variable two-code keying, a code-switching modulation format characterized by a random alternation in bit representation and immunity to differential analysis unlike fixed two-code keying. The terahertz optical asymmetric demultiplexer employed in decryption shows mutual compatibility of nonlinear fiber-based and semiconductor optical amplifier-based NOLM configurations. Our architecture can potentially perform one-time pad encryption and decryption for unconditional security.
A simultaneous optical signal extracting and erasing scheme is presented by utilizing four-wave mixing (FWM) in optical fiber. Two synchronized gate and negation gate pulses are used as control signal, which are coupled with data stream and produce FWM effect in high nonlinear fiber (HNLF). Through filtering the idler light generated between each control signal and data stream, simultaneous signal extracting and erasing functions can be obtained. Experimental results are successfully demonstrated with NRZ data format at 10 Gbit/s. This system is able to operate at higher bit rates and other data modulation formats.