Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Nanotechnology

A simulator for quantum computer hardware

Kristel F. L. Michielsen, Hans A. De Raedt, Koen De Raedt

Published Dec 19, 2001• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present new examples of the use of the quantum computer (QC) emulator. For educational purposes we describe the implementation of the CNOT and Toffoli gate, two basic building blocks of a QC, on a three qubit NMR-like QC.
DOI
10.1088/0957-4484/13/1/305

Related papers

QCE: A Simulator for Quantum Computer Hardware

Kristel F. L. Michielsen, Hans A. De Raedt

The Quantum Computer Emulator (QCE) described in this paper consists of a simulator of a generic, general purpose quantum computer and a graphical user interface. The latter is used to control the simulator, to define the hardware of the quantum computer and to debug and execute quantum algorithms. QCE runs in a Windows 98/NT/2000/ME/XP environment. It can be used to validate designs of physically realizable quantum processors and as an interactive educational tool to learn about quantum computers and quantum algorithms. A detailed exposition is given of the implementation of the CNOT and the Toffoli gate, the quantum Fourier transform, Grover's database search algorithm, an order finding algorithm, Shor's algorithm, a three-input adder and a number partitioning algorithm. We also review the results of simulations of an NMR-like quantum computer.

•May 1, 2003•4 citations

Emulación en hardware de circuitos cuánticos basados en compuertas Toffoli Hardware emulation of quantum circuits based on Toffoli gates

Jorge E. Duarte-Sánchez, Jaime Velasco-Medina

This work presents the design of a hardware architecture for the emulation of quantum circuits based on Toffoli gates allowing the emulation of more than 50 qubits. The state of the system is obtained processing each basis state by means of the functions determined by the quantum gates for each qubit; the time required to execute the emulation grows exponentially only with the

•Jan 1, 2014•0 citations

Computational Methods for Simulating Quantum Computers

Hans A. De Raedt, Kristel F. L. Michielsen

This review gives a survey of numerical algorithms and software to simulate quantum computers. It covers the basic concepts of quantum computation and quantum algorithms and includes a few examples that illustrate the use of simulation software for ideal and physical models of quantum computers.

arXiv:quant-ph/0406210•Jun 27, 2004•36 citations

Use of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Technique to Build Quantum Computers: n ‐Qubit ( n = 1–4) Toffoli Gates

Serena La Manna, Sushil K. Misra

Abstract It is shown theoretically how to use the EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance) technique, using electron spins as qubits, coupled with each other by the exchange interaction, to set the configuration of n qubits ( n = 1–4) at resonance, in conjunction with pulses, to construct the NOT (one qubit), CNOT (two qubits), CCNOT (three qubits), and CCCNOT (four qubits) Toffoli gates, which can be exploited to build a quantum computer. This is unique to EPR, wherein exchange‐coupled electron spins are used. This is different from NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance), which uses nuclear spins as qubits, that do not couple with each other by the exchange interaction.

arXiv:2411.09010•Advanced Quantum Technologies•Aug 19, 2025•0 citations

Quantum Simulators

Bhagvan Kommadi

This chapter gives an overview of quantum simulators. You will see how quantum simulators are used in real life. Code examples are presented for the quantum simulators, and the quantum languages and platforms are discussed in detail in this chapter.

Apress eBooks•Jan 1, 2020•0 citations

Universal Quantum Multi‐Qubit Entangling Gates with Auxiliary Spaces

Wen‐Qiang Liu, Hai‐Rui Wei, L. C. Kwek

Abstract Universal quantum entangling gates are a crucial building block in the large‐scale quantum computation and quantum communication, and it is an important task to find simple ways to implement them. Here an effective quantum circuit for the implementation of a controlled‐NOT (CNOT) gate is constructed by introducing a non‐computational quantum state in the auxiliary space. Furthermore, the method is extended to the construction of a general n ‐control‐qubit Toffoli gate with qubit–qudit gates and single‐qudit gates. Based on the presented quantum circuits, the polarization CNOT and Toffoli gates with linear optics are designed by operating on the spatial‐mode degree of freedom of photons. The proposed optical schemes can be achieved with a higher success probability and no extra auxiliary photons are needed.

arXiv:2105.10631•Advanced Quantum Technologies•Mar 18, 2022•30 citations
The Quantum Computer Emulator (QCE) described in this paper consists of a simulator of a generic, general purpose quantum computer and a graphical user interface. The latter is used to control the simulator, to define the hardware of the quantum computer and to debug and execute quantum algorithms. QCE runs in a Windows 98/NT/2000/ME/XP environment. It can be used to validate designs of physically realizable quantum processors and as an interactive educational tool to learn about quantum computers and quantum algorithms. A detailed exposition is given of the implementation of the CNOT and the Toffoli gate, the quantum Fourier transform, Grover's database search algorithm, an order finding algorithm, Shor's algorithm, a three-input adder and a number partitioning algorithm. We also review the results of simulations of an NMR-like quantum computer.
Abstract It is shown theoretically how to use the EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance) technique, using electron spins as qubits, coupled with each other by the exchange interaction, to set the configuration of n qubits ( n = 1–4) at resonance, in conjunction with pulses, to construct the NOT (one qubit), CNOT (two qubits), CCNOT (three qubits), and CCCNOT (four qubits) Toffoli gates, which can be exploited to build a quantum computer. This is unique to EPR, wherein exchange‐coupled electron spins are used. This is different from NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance), which uses nuclear spins as qubits, that do not couple with each other by the exchange interaction.
Abstract Universal quantum entangling gates are a crucial building block in the large‐scale quantum computation and quantum communication, and it is an important task to find simple ways to implement them. Here an effective quantum circuit for the implementation of a controlled‐NOT (CNOT) gate is constructed by introducing a non‐computational quantum state in the auxiliary space. Furthermore, the method is extended to the construction of a general n ‐control‐qubit Toffoli gate with qubit–qudit gates and single‐qudit gates. Based on the presented quantum circuits, the polarization CNOT and Toffoli gates with linear optics are designed by operating on the spatial‐mode degree of freedom of photons. The proposed optical schemes can be achieved with a higher success probability and no extra auxiliary photons are needed.