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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Interferometry with a Photon-Number Resolving Detector

Christoph F. Wildfeuer, Aaron J. Pearlman, Jun Chen, Jingyun Fan, Alan L. Migdall, Jonathan P. Dowling

Published Jan 1, 2009• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

With photon-number resolving detectors, we show compression of interference fringes with increasing photon numbers for both Michelson and Fabry-Pérot interferometers. We also theoretically show supersensitivity for nonclassical light.
DOI
10.1364/iqec.2009.iwf1

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With photon-number resolving detectors, we show compression of interference fringes with increasing photon numbers for a Fabry-Perot interferometer. This feature provides a higher precision in determining the position of the interference maxima compared to a classical detection strategy. We also theoretically show supersensitivity if NNN-photon states are sent into the interferometer and a photon-number resolving measurement is performed.
Methods for precisely resolving the continuous-variable energy-time entanglement of paired photons have always been sought in quantum optics. The Fabry-P\'erot interferometer provides such a distinguished opportunity if the single-photon pulse's self-interference is carefully avoided. A dual-channel Fabry-P\'erot interferometer is proposed and studied with the focus put upon higher-order quantum interference effects. When the two channels are properly set up, the interferometer is capable of resolving the energy-time entanglement in detail, similar to how the usual Fabry-P\'erot interferometer can resolve classical light's spectrum. A variation form of the dual-channel Fabry-P\'erot interferometry is also discussed.
Understanding the boundary between classical and nonclassical phenomena is important for both fundamental researches in quantum optics and applications in quantum information. One of the most interesting research directions in this field is exploring nonclassical effects with classical light. In this paper, we will show that it is possible to observe antibunching with thermal light in a Hanbury Brown-Twiss interferometer by treating single-photon detectors as photon-number-resolving detectors to perform photon-number projection measurements. Both temporal and spatial antibunching is observed via the correlation of two detectors detecting one and zero photon, respectively. By comparing the measured results of thermal and laser light, it is found that the observed antibunching arises from the combined effect of photon statistics of thermal light and photon-number projection measurement.The classical and nonclassical nature of the observed antibunching is analyzed. The results are helpful to understand the connection between classical and nonclassical correlation and may find applications in multiphoton interference and quantum imaging.