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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Subwavelength interferometry using path entanglement and photon-number resolving detectors

G. Khoury, H. S. Eisenberg, Juan F. Hodelin, E. J. S. Fonseca, Dirk Bouwmeester

Published Jan 1, 2006• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate subwavelength interference fringes using two methods. The first preselects path entangled states from parametric downconversion, and the second uses multiphoton detection of classical light.
DOI
10.1109/cleo.2006.4628943

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We propose a two-photon subwavelength interference scheme for classical light in which multiple quantum-like entangled two-photon paths play an essential role. These entangled two-photon paths are introduced through a specially designed source composed of many point sources jjj with jjj's complex amplitude being a superposition of modes ${e}^{i{\ensuremath{\phi}}_{j}}$ and ${e}^{i{\ensuremath{\phi}}_{j}^{(1)}}$, where ${\ensuremath{\phi}}_{j}$ and ${\ensuremath{\phi}}_{j}^{(1)}$ are temporally random phases but satisfying ${\ensuremath{\phi}}_{j}+{\ensuremath{\phi}}_{j}^{(1)}={\ensuremath{\phi}}_{0}$, with ${\ensuremath{\phi}}_{0}$ being either a constant or a random phase in time. Interference between the entangled two-photon paths could lead to second-order subwavelength interference of an object put in front of the source plane. In a proof-of-principle experiment, by using a spatial light modulator to modulate the wave front of a coherent light, we have generated such a source and observed subwavelength interference of a double-slit mask via two-photon measurement.
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We present a scheme, based only on linear optics and standard photon detection, that allows to generate heralded multiphoton entangled states of arbitrary photon number from spontaneous parametric downconversion (PDC) in the weak interaction regime. The scheme also works in the strong interaction regime, i.e., for the production of large photon numbers, when photon-number resolving detectors with nearly perfect quantum efficiency are used. In addition, the same setup can be used for quantum metrology as multiphoton interferometer with sensitivity at the Heisenberg limit.