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Canadian Journal of Physics

Multiphoton Laguerre polynomial state as minimum uncertainty states of intensity-dependent squeezing

Qian-Fan Chen, Hong-Yi Fan

Published Dec 19, 2013• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

For a general multiphoton annihilation operator, F = f(N)ap, where N = a†a, we find the explicit form of an operator, G†, which satisfies [F, G†] = 1. Based on the nonlinear realization of the SU(1,1) Lie algebra whose generators are [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and R0 = [N/p] + 1/2. We introduce the concept of intensity-dependent multiphoton squeezing and find that the state Lm(–yR†)|j⟩, 0 ≤ j ≤ p, where Lm(x) is a Laguerre polynomial, is a minimum uncertainty state for intensity-dependent multiphoton squeezing. We also construct the phase states for multiphoton operator, which turn out to be SU(1,1) generalized coherent states. Additionally, we show that the photon-added coherent state |α, m⟩ (m is a non-negative integer), which can be interpreted as a nonlinear coherent state, can be expressed as [Formula: see text] in the whole Fock space.

DOI
10.1139/cjp-2013-0646

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For a general multiphoton annihilation operator, F = f(N)ap, where N = a†a, we find the explicit form of an operator, G†, which satisfies [F, G†] = 1. Based on the nonlinear realization of the SU(1,1) Lie algebra whose generators are [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and R0 = [N/p] + 1/2. We introduce the concept of intensity-dependent multiphoton squeezing and find that the state Lm(–yR†)|j⟩, 0 ≤ j ≤ p, where Lm(x) is a Laguerre polynomial, is a minimum uncertainty state for intensity-dependent multiphoton squeezing. We also construct the phase states for multiphoton operator, which turn out to be SU(1,1) generalized coherent states. Additionally, we show that the photon-added coherent state |α, m⟩ (m is a non-negative integer), which can be interpreted as a nonlinear coherent state, can be expressed as [Formula: see text] in the whole Fock space.
For the two-mode photon number-difference operator D = a†a -b†b and the Noh, Fougers and Mandel (NFM) operational phase operator [Formula: see text], we introduce the concept of number-difference-phase squeezing. We then find a new minimum-uncertainty state for number-difference-phase squeezing, which turns out to be a special combination of generalized SU(1,1) coherent state. As a by-product, a new orthonormal and complete representation in two-mode Fock space made up of R†n|m, m> is found.
A class of squeezed states for the su(1,1) algebra is found and expressed by the exponential and Laguerre-polynomial operators acting on the vacuum states. As a special case it is proved that Perelomov's coherent state is a ladder-operator squeezed state and therefore a minimum uncertainty state. The theory is applied to the two-particle Calogero-Sutherland model. We find some squeezed states and compared them with the classical trajectories. The connection with some su(1,1) quantum optical systems (amplitude-squared realization, Holstein-Primakoff realization, the two-mode realization, and a four-mode realization) is also discussed. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
We theoretically introduce a new kind of non-Gaussian state-----Laguerre polynomial excited coherent states by using the multiphoton catalysis which actually can be considered as a block comprising photon number operator. It is found that the normalized factor is related to the two-variable Hermite polynomials. We then investigate the nonclassical properties in terms of Mandel's Q parameter, quadrature squeezing, second correlation, and the negativity of Wigner function (WF). It is shown that all these properties are related to the amplitude of coherent state, catalysis number and unbalanced beam splitter (BS). In particular, the maximum degree of squeezing can be enhanced as catalysis number and keeps a constant for single-photon catalysis. In addition, we examine the effect of decoherence by Wigner function, which show that the negative region, characteristic time of decoherence and structure of WF are affected by catalysis number and unbalanced BS. Our work provides a general analysis about how to prepare theoretically polynomials quantum states.
Using Lie algebra methods, we find a new class of Bogoliubov transformations which generalize the notion of squeezed states. The Hamiltonians for the simple harmonic and anharmonic oscillators, turn out to be the generators of a Lie group, whose other generators may be found exactly, or up to any desired order of the perturbation parameter. An element of this Lie group, which is realized as the multi-photon operator, transforms the anharmonic Hamiltonian to the harmonic one. The transformation of the ordinary annihilation and creation operators under this unitary transformation leads to the introduction of multi-photon coherent states. We specifically consider four-photon coherent states in detail and study the time dependent position and momentum uncertainties in these states.
The conventional squeezed states of quantum optics, which can be thought of as generalized coherent states for the algebra SU(1,1), are dynamically generated by single-mode hamiltonians characterized by two-photon process interactions. By the explicit construction of a (highly non-linear) faithful realization of the group [Formula: see text] of automorphisms of SU(1,1), such hamiltonians are shown to be equivalent — up just to elements of [Formula: see text] — to that describing quantum mechanically a damped oscillator.