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Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference

Atomic frequency references based on dark resonances in micrometric thin cells

L. Lenci, A. Lezama, H. Failache

Published May 1, 2007• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Coherent population trapping resonances in pure alkaline micrometric thin cells are considered as an interesting alternative for the development of miniaturized atomic frequency references. Theoretical and experimental results are presented.
DOI
10.1109/qels.2007.4431458

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Applied Physics Letters•Jul 15, 2002•253 citations
We investigate theoretically dark resonance spectroscopy for a dilute atomic vapor confined in a thin (micrometric) cell. We identify the physical parameters characterizing the spectra and study their influence. We focus on a Hanle-type situation, with an optical irradiation under normal incidence and resonant with the atomic transition. The dark resonance spectrum is predicted to combine broad wings with a sharp maximum at line center, which can be singled out when detecting a derivative of the dark resonance spectrum. This narrow signal derivative, shown to broaden only sublinearly with the cell length, is a signature of the contribution of atoms slow enough to fly between the cell windows in a time as long as the characteristic ground state optical pumping time. We suggest that this dark resonance spectroscopy in micrometric thin cells could be a suitable tool for probing the effective velocity distribution in the thin cell arising from the atomic desorption processes, and notably to identify the limiting factors affecting desorption under a grazing incidence.
A low-cost, potentially compact and robust microwave frequency reference can be constructed by use of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers and coherent population-trapping resonances in Cs vapor cells. Fractional frequency instabilities of 2×10-11/τ/s have been achieved with a minimum of 7×10-13 at τ=1000 s. The performance of this device as a function of external parameters such as light intensity, optical detuning, and cell temperature is discussed. The dependence of the dark-line resonance signal on these parameters can be understood largely by means of a simple, three-level model. The short-term stability depends critically on the optical detuning, whereas the long-term stability is limited currently by line shifts due to drifts in cell temperature.