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International Journal of Quantum Information

Quantum codes over rings

Kenza Guenda, Thomas Aaron Gulliver

Published Jun 1, 2014• 17 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper considers the construction of quantum error correcting codes from linear codes over finite commutative Frobenius rings. We extend the Calderbank–Shor–Steane (CSS) construction to these rings. Further, quantum codes are extended to matrix product codes. Quantum codes over 𝔽pk are also obtained from linear codes over rings using the generalized Gray map.

DOI
10.1142/s0219749914500208

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This paper considers the construction of quantum error correcting codes from linear codes over finite commutative Frobenius rings. We extend the Calderbank–Shor–Steane (CSS) construction to these rings. Further, quantum codes are extended to matrix product codes. Quantum codes over 𝔽pk are also obtained from linear codes over rings using the generalized Gray map.
We study the algebraic structures of constacyclic codes over a new finite non-chain ring R and their l-Galois dual codes based on a new Gray map ϕ and determine the dimensions of the l-Galois hull of constacyclic codes over R. Furthermore, we propose a quantum construction X of the Galois inner product to construct quantum codes by combining the Calderbank–Shor–Steane (CSS) construction, Hermitian construction and construction X. As an application, by calculating the dimensions of the l-Galois hull of constacyclic codes over R, we obtain some new quantum maximum distance separable (QMDS) codes and new quantum error-correcting codes (QECCs) that are better than the best known ones.
Recently, codes over some special finite rings especially chain rings have been studied. More recently, codes over finite non-chain rings have been also considered. Study on codes over such rings or rings in general is motivated by the existence of some special maps called Gray maps whose images give codes over fields. Quantum error-correcting (QEC) codes play a crucial role in protecting quantum information. The construction of quantum codes via classical codes over 2 F was first introduced by Calderbank and Shor [4] and Steane [13] in 1996. This method, known as CSS construction, has received a lot of attention and it has allowed to find many good quantum stabilizer codes. Later, construction of quantum codes over larger alphabets from classical linear codes over q F has shown by Ketkar et al. in [10]. One direction of the main research in quantum error correction codes is constructing quantum codes that have large minimum distances [9] for a given size and length. In [14], based on classical quaternary constacyclic linear codes, some parameters for quantum codes are obtained. In [8, 9], respectively based on classical negacyclic and constacyclic linear codes some parameters for quantum MDS codes are presented. In this work, we determine self-dual and self-orthogonal codes arising from constacyclic codes over the group ring(Zq[v]/G
The main focus of this paper is to analyze the algebraic structure of constacyclic codes over the ring R=Fp+w1Fp+w2Fp+w22Fp+w1w2Fp+w1w22Fp, where w12−α2=0, w1w2=w2w1, w23−β2w2=0, and α,β∈Fp∖{0}, for a prime p. We begin by introducing a Gray map defined over R, which is associated with an invertible matrix. We demonstrate its advantages over the canonical Gray map through some examples. Finally, we create new and improved quantum codes from constacyclic codes over R using Calderbank–Shore–Steane (CSS) construction.
Let R be the ring 𝔽2m + u𝔽2m, where u2 = 0. We introduce a Gray map from R to 𝔽22m and study (1 + u)-constacyclic codes over R. It is proved that the image of a (1 + u)-constacyclic code length n over R under the Gray map is a distance-invariant binary quasicyclic code of index m and length 2mn. We also prove that every code of length 2mn which is the Gray image of cyclic codes over R of length n is permutation equivalent to a binary quasi-cyclic code of index m. Furthermore, a family of quantum error-correcting codes obtained from the Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) construction applied to (1 + u)-constacyclic codes over R.
Building large-scale quantum computers is a very active area of research. A critical part of this effort is the ability to control quantum errors. Recently, many good quantum error correcting codes (QECC) over various finite fields Fq have been constructed from codes over extension rings or mixed alphabet rings via some version of a Gray map. We show that most of these codes can be obtained more directly from classical codes, including cyclic, constacyclic, quasicyclic (QC), quasi-twisted (QT), and polycyclic codes using the CSS construction, Hermitian construction, and Lisonek-Singh methods. We believe direct and more elementary methods should be preferred.