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Hyperfine Interactions

Efficient Rydberg positronium laser excitation for antihydrogen production in a magnetic field

Marco G. Giammarchi

Published Sep 1, 2009• 7 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s10751-009-0018-5

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Antihydrogen production by charge exchange reaction between positronium (Ps) atoms and antiprotons requires an efficient excitation of Ps atoms up to high-$n$ levels (Rydberg levels). In this study it is assumed that a Ps cloud is produced within a relatively strong uniform magnetic field $(1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{T})$ and with a relatively high temperature $(100\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K})$. Consequently, the structure of energy levels are deeply modified by Zeeman and motional Stark effects. A two-step laser light excitation, the first one from ground to $n=3$ and the second from this level to a Rydberg level, is proposed and the physics of the problem is discussed. We derive a simple formula giving the absorption probability with substantially incoherent laser pulses. A 30% population deposition in high-$n$ states can be reached with feasible lasers suitably tailored in power and spectral bandwidth.

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Rydberg atoms in Antihydrogen Experiments

F. Robicheaux

Bulletin of the American Physical Society•Jun 8, 2007•0 citations
We characterized the pulsed Rydberg-positronium production inside the Antimatter Experiment: Gravity, Interferometry, Spectroscopy (AEg‾IS\mathrm{AE}\overline{\text{g}}\mathrm{IS}AEg​IS) apparatus in view of antihydrogen formation by means of a charge exchange reaction between cold antiprotons and slow Rydberg-positronium atoms. Velocity measurements on the positronium along two axes in a cryogenic environment ($\ensuremath{\approx}10\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$) and in 1T1\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{T}1T magnetic field were performed. The velocimetry was done by microchannel-plate (MCP) imaging of a photoionized positronium previously excited to the n=3n=3n=3 state. One direction of velocity was measured via Doppler scan of this n=3n=3n=3 line, another direction perpendicular to the former by delaying the exciting laser pulses in a time-of-flight measurement. Self-ionization in the magnetic field due to the motional Stark effect was also quantified by using the same MCP-imaging technique for Rydberg positronium with an effective principal quantum number neff{n}_{\mathrm{eff}}neff​ ranging between 14 and 22. We conclude with a discussion about the optimization of our experimental parameters for creating Rydberg positronium in preparation for an efficient pulsed production of antihydrogen.
Antihydrogen production by charge exchange reaction between positronium (Ps) atoms and antiprotons requires an efficient excitation of Ps atoms up to high-nnn levels (Rydberg levels). In this study it is assumed that a Ps cloud is produced within a relatively strong uniform magnetic field (1T)(1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{T})(1T) and with a relatively high temperature (100K)(100\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K})(100K). Consequently, the structure of energy levels are deeply modified by Zeeman and motional Stark effects. A two-step laser light excitation, the first one from ground to n=3n=3n=3 and the second from this level to a Rydberg level, is proposed and the physics of the problem is discussed. We derive a simple formula giving the absorption probability with substantially incoherent laser pulses. A 30% population deposition in high-nnn states can be reached with feasible lasers suitably tailored in power and spectral bandwidth.