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Applied Optics

Time-domain optical memory for image storage and high-speed image processing

Xiao A. Shen, Ravinder Kachru

Published Oct 10, 1993• 14 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present an experimental study on the use of the time-domain optical memory for image storage and high-speed image processing. We focus on examining the fidelity of the recalled images and their spatial resolution as well as various image-processing operations offered by the memory. The recalled images were found to be of good quality because of their phase-conjugate nature. This unique feature further motivated us to examine the feasibility of fiber optics being used for image transmission, an issue important to the development of such a memory device. Two primary processing operations, two-image convolution and correlation, were demonstrated, and implications of the results for high-speed pattern recognition and optical interconnections are discussed.

DOI
10.1364/ao.32.005810

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We present an experimental study on the use of the time-domain optical memory for image storage and high-speed image processing. We focus on examining the fidelity of the recalled images and their spatial resolution as well as various image-processing operations offered by the memory. The recalled images were found to be of good quality because of their phase-conjugate nature. This unique feature further motivated us to examine the feasibility of fiber optics being used for image transmission, an issue important to the development of such a memory device. Two primary processing operations, two-image convolution and correlation, were demonstrated, and implications of the results for high-speed pattern recognition and optical interconnections are discussed.
The objective of this research was to quantitatively evaluate the concept of time-domain optical memory (TDOM) using the hole-burning mechanism. The TDOM concept offers both high speed and high memory density. The advantage of TDOM over traditional semiconductor memory is its inherent parallelism, which allows data to be stored and retrieved from the memory at much higher speed. The practical success of the proposed memory, therefore, depends critically on-among other issues-the storage, retrieval, and processing of images. In addition, new data storage techniques are needed to implement a practical memory. The last three years of this research program have focused on (1) development of new phase modulation techniques to enhance the storage, retrieval, and integrity of the stored information; (2) experimental studies of image storage and phase conjugate retrieval; (3) Image processing; and (4) practical holographic storage of images by using the hybrid time-frequency approach. Specifically, SRI demonstrated data encryption by phase modulating the read and write pulses. Image correlation and convolution was demonstrated and its implication for pattern recognition examined. Finally, this laboratory demonstrated high-fidelity random access and retrieval using holographic storage in Pr3+: YA103 with a single-frequency ring laser. These experiments have clearly demonstrated the practical viability ofmore » TDOM with existing technology. In the next stage of the research, the performance Issues such as bit-error-rates, signal-to-noise ratios, and laser stability need to be addressed. Stimulated photon echoes, Optical memory, Image processing, Pattern recognition, Phase conjugation.« less
Our goal is to quantitatively evaluate the concept of time-domain optical memory (TDOM) based on the stimulated photon echo technique and to prepare for the development of a working prototype. Earlier feasibility studies at SRI International showed that TDOM can store not only digital data in the form a series of on-off laser pulses but also two-dimensional (2-D) images with the same read/write speed. Despite work at SRI and elsewhere, until now the use of TDOM for 2-D images has not been carefully examined and the quality of echo images and their inherent spatial resolution have not been explored. These issues have an important bearing on TDOM as a high-speed, high-density storage device. This year, we focused on using the stimulated echo technique for 2-D image storage and image processing. Specific tasks included incorporating a gated intensified charge-coupled device (CCD) camera system for detecting echo images, digitally recording the echo images, and optimizing the optical system. We have also extended the earlier feasibility study on stimulated-echo-based, 2- D image storage and image processing and demonstrated storage and retrieval of the high-quality, high-resolution echo images. In addition, we demonstrated for the first time that nanosecond pattern recognition can be achieved using the stimulated echo approach. (Author)
We describe a practical approach to 2D image storage in a coherent time-domain optical memory, which can be readily implemented with existing technologies. In this approach, images are stored spectroholographically in narrow (< 1 MHz) frequency channels of a time-domain storage material, with one image per channel. Advantages of this approach include fast single-frame recording time, variable playback speeds, random frame access, and the ability to perform in-memory image processing. Experimental results demonstrating high- resolution, high-fidelity, single-channel image storage with the use of a low-power, single- frequency ring laser are presented.
This report summarizes the results of a 3-year program of research on the physics and technology needed to develop high-performance optical memory and optical processing systems based on the concept called the stimulated photon echo (SPE). The research goals were investigation, demonstration, and improvement of signal strength and fidelity, architectures and algorithms, and materials properties for optical storage and in-memory processing. Key accomplishments were (1) development and demonstration of efficient algorithms for threshold discrimination and bit-error-rate reduction in retrieved binary images with large in-frame and frame-to-frame intensity variations; (2) demonstration and characterization of information storage in Erbium-doped crystals using 1.5-micron diode lasers compatible with fiber optic communications; (3) demonstration of improved phase-encoding schemes for in-memory temporal correlation of 1.5-micron pulse trains; (4) development of concepts for high-performance radar applications based on SPE optical memory for time-delay control of the transmitter array and in-memory image processing of the return signals; and (5) hosting the AFOSR Contractors' Meeting, "Optoelectronic Information Processing."
We describe a practical approach to image storage in a coherent time-domain optical memory that can be readily implemented with existing technologies. In this approach, two-dimensional images are stored spectroholographically in narrow ( less, similar 1-MHz) frequency channels of a time-domain storage material by use of a low-power laser, with one image per channel. Advantages of this approach include fast single-frame recording time, variable playback speeds, and random frame access. Experimental results demonstrating the use of this approach for high-speed, long-term image storage in Eu(3+):Y(2)SiO(5) are presented.