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High-speed, high-density, coherent time domain optical memory

Ravinder Kachru, Xiao‐An Shen

Published Nov 1, 1993• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Our goal is to quantitatively evaluate the concept of time-domain optical memory (TDOM) based on the stimulated photon echo technique and to prepare for the development of a working prototype. Earlier feasibility studies at SRI International showed that TDOM can store not only digital data in the form a series of on-off laser pulses but also two-dimensional (2-D) images with the same read/write speed. Despite work at SRI and elsewhere, until now the use of TDOM for 2-D images has not been carefully examined and the quality of echo images and their inherent spatial resolution have not been explored. These issues have an important bearing on TDOM as a high-speed, high-density storage device. This year, we focused on using the stimulated echo technique for 2-D image storage and image processing. Specific tasks included incorporating a gated intensified charge-coupled device (CCD) camera system for detecting echo images, digitally recording the echo images, and optimizing the optical system. We have also extended the earlier feasibility study on stimulated-echo-based, 2- D image storage and image processing and demonstrated storage and retrieval of the high-quality, high-resolution echo images. In addition, we demonstrated for the first time that nanosecond pattern recognition can be achieved using the stimulated echo approach. (Author)

Related papers

High-speed, high-density, coherent time-domain optical memory. Final report, 1 September 1990-31 August 1993

Ravinder Kachru, Xiao A. Shen

The objective of this research was to quantitatively evaluate the concept of time-domain optical memory (TDOM) using the hole-burning mechanism. The TDOM concept offers both high speed and high memory density. The advantage of TDOM over traditional semiconductor memory is its inherent parallelism, which allows data to be stored and retrieved from the memory at much higher speed. The practical success of the proposed memory, therefore, depends critically on-among other issues-the storage, retrieval, and processing of images. In addition, new data storage techniques are needed to implement a practical memory. The last three years of this research program have focused on (1) development of new phase modulation techniques to enhance the storage, retrieval, and integrity of the stored information; (2) experimental studies of image storage and phase conjugate retrieval; (3) Image processing; and (4) practical holographic storage of images by using the hybrid time-frequency approach. Specifically, SRI demonstrated data encryption by phase modulating the read and write pulses. Image correlation and convolution was demonstrated and its implication for pattern recognition examined. Finally, this laboratory demonstrated high-fidelity random access and retrieval using holographic storage in Pr3+: YA103 with a single-frequency ring laser. These experiments have clearly demonstrated the practical viability ofmore » TDOM with existing technology. In the next stage of the research, the performance Issues such as bit-error-rates, signal-to-noise ratios, and laser stability need to be addressed. Stimulated photon echoes, Optical memory, Image processing, Pattern recognition, Phase conjugation.« less

•Nov 1, 1993•0 citations

Time-domain optical memory for image storage and high-speed image processing

Xiao A. Shen, Ravinder Kachru

We present an experimental study on the use of the time-domain optical memory for image storage and high-speed image processing. We focus on examining the fidelity of the recalled images and their spatial resolution as well as various image-processing operations offered by the memory. The recalled images were found to be of good quality because of their phase-conjugate nature. This unique feature further motivated us to examine the feasibility of fiber optics being used for image transmission, an issue important to the development of such a memory device. Two primary processing operations, two-image convolution and correlation, were demonstrated, and implications of the results for high-speed pattern recognition and optical interconnections are discussed.

Applied Optics•Oct 10, 1993•14 citations

Random-access stimulated-echo optical cache memory

Ravinder Kachru, Yu Bai, Xiao A. Shen +1 more

We describe a new approach to develop a high-speed, high-density random access cache memory. This new technique is based on a novel approach using, in essence, a hybrid of the time domain stimulated echo (SE) concept and the frequency domain scheme. It has been demonstrated that the rare-earth doped crystals, can at low temperatures store large amounts of information for up to 24 hours using SE. The basic approach we have developed is the partitioning of the absorption frequency domain into smaller bins, so that each frequency bin stores a smaller portion of information independently. The bins are distinguishable by their different absorption frequencies and they are accessed by changing the laser frequency (color). However, information is still stored and retrieved using the time-domain pulse sequency used in SE. Specifically, with the laser frequency set at the particular absorption of a frequency bin, the laser is externally modulated by an acousto-optic modulator to produce amplitude modulated pulses representing the digital data, the write pulse, and the read pulse, during the write and retrieve operation, respectively. The advantages of this approach are that memory can be stored in space, time, and frequency domain, allowing us to tailor a flexible memory architecture to match those of the computational processor.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Apr 1, 1992•2 citations

Time-Frequency Domain Memory and Processing

David L. Huestis, Gregory W. Faris, E. Arons

This report summarizes the results of a 3-year program of research on the physics and technology needed to develop high-performance optical memory and optical processing systems based on the concept called the stimulated photon echo (SPE). The research goals were investigation, demonstration, and improvement of signal strength and fidelity, architectures and algorithms, and materials properties for optical storage and in-memory processing. Key accomplishments were (1) development and demonstration of efficient algorithms for threshold discrimination and bit-error-rate reduction in retrieved binary images with large in-frame and frame-to-frame intensity variations; (2) demonstration and characterization of information storage in Erbium-doped crystals using 1.5-micron diode lasers compatible with fiber optic communications; (3) demonstration of improved phase-encoding schemes for in-memory temporal correlation of 1.5-micron pulse trains; (4) development of concepts for high-performance radar applications based on SPE optical memory for time-delay control of the transmitter array and in-memory image processing of the return signals; and (5) hosting the AFOSR Contractors' Meeting, "Optoelectronic Information Processing."

•Feb 28, 2002•0 citations

Frequency and time domain hybrid optical memory

Yu Bai, Xiao A. Shen, Ravinder Kachru

We describe the first experiments to validate the concept of a high-speed, high-density random access memory. This technique is based on a hybrid of the time-domain stimulated echo and the frequency domain scheme. The basic approach we have developed is the partitioning of the absorption frequency domain into smaller bins, so that each frequency bin stores a smaller portion of information independently. The advantage of the approach is the flexibility it offers in tailoring the memory system to match the computational processor. We have demonstrated storage and retrieval of data for long time in frequency bins separated by 750 MHz. We have achieved data rates of 40 MHz.© (1993) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Feb 2, 1993•0 citations

Nanosecond image processing using stimulated photon echoes

E. Y. Xu, M. K. Kim, Stefan Kröll +2 more

Processing of two-dimensional images on a nanosecond time scale is demonstrated using the stimulated photon echoes in a rare-earth-doped crystal (0.1 at. % Pr(3+):LaF(3)). Two spatially encoded laser pulses (pictures) resonant with the (3)P(0)-(3)H(4) transition of Pr(3+) were stored by focusing the image pulses sequentially into the Pr(3+):LaF(3) crystal. The stored information is retrieved and processed by a third read pulse, generating the echo that is the spatial convolution or correlation of the input images. Application of this scheme to high-speed pattern recognition is discussed.

Optics Letters•Mar 26, 1990•35 citations
Our goal is to quantitatively evaluate the concept of time-domain optical memory (TDOM) based on the stimulated photon echo technique and to prepare for the development of a working prototype. Earlier feasibility studies at SRI International showed that TDOM can store not only digital data in the form a series of on-off laser pulses but also two-dimensional (2-D) images with the same read/write speed. Despite work at SRI and elsewhere, until now the use of TDOM for 2-D images has not been carefully examined and the quality of echo images and their inherent spatial resolution have not been explored. These issues have an important bearing on TDOM as a high-speed, high-density storage device. This year, we focused on using the stimulated echo technique for 2-D image storage and image processing. Specific tasks included incorporating a gated intensified charge-coupled device (CCD) camera system for detecting echo images, digitally recording the echo images, and optimizing the optical system. We have also extended the earlier feasibility study on stimulated-echo-based, 2- D image storage and image processing and demonstrated storage and retrieval of the high-quality, high-resolution echo images. In addition, we demonstrated for the first time that nanosecond pattern recognition can be achieved using the stimulated echo approach. (Author)
The objective of this research was to quantitatively evaluate the concept of time-domain optical memory (TDOM) using the hole-burning mechanism. The TDOM concept offers both high speed and high memory density. The advantage of TDOM over traditional semiconductor memory is its inherent parallelism, which allows data to be stored and retrieved from the memory at much higher speed. The practical success of the proposed memory, therefore, depends critically on-among other issues-the storage, retrieval, and processing of images. In addition, new data storage techniques are needed to implement a practical memory. The last three years of this research program have focused on (1) development of new phase modulation techniques to enhance the storage, retrieval, and integrity of the stored information; (2) experimental studies of image storage and phase conjugate retrieval; (3) Image processing; and (4) practical holographic storage of images by using the hybrid time-frequency approach. Specifically, SRI demonstrated data encryption by phase modulating the read and write pulses. Image correlation and convolution was demonstrated and its implication for pattern recognition examined. Finally, this laboratory demonstrated high-fidelity random access and retrieval using holographic storage in Pr3+: YA103 with a single-frequency ring laser. These experiments have clearly demonstrated the practical viability ofmore » TDOM with existing technology. In the next stage of the research, the performance Issues such as bit-error-rates, signal-to-noise ratios, and laser stability need to be addressed. Stimulated photon echoes, Optical memory, Image processing, Pattern recognition, Phase conjugation.« less
We present an experimental study on the use of the time-domain optical memory for image storage and high-speed image processing. We focus on examining the fidelity of the recalled images and their spatial resolution as well as various image-processing operations offered by the memory. The recalled images were found to be of good quality because of their phase-conjugate nature. This unique feature further motivated us to examine the feasibility of fiber optics being used for image transmission, an issue important to the development of such a memory device. Two primary processing operations, two-image convolution and correlation, were demonstrated, and implications of the results for high-speed pattern recognition and optical interconnections are discussed.
We describe a new approach to develop a high-speed, high-density random access cache memory. This new technique is based on a novel approach using, in essence, a hybrid of the time domain stimulated echo (SE) concept and the frequency domain scheme. It has been demonstrated that the rare-earth doped crystals, can at low temperatures store large amounts of information for up to 24 hours using SE. The basic approach we have developed is the partitioning of the absorption frequency domain into smaller bins, so that each frequency bin stores a smaller portion of information independently. The bins are distinguishable by their different absorption frequencies and they are accessed by changing the laser frequency (color). However, information is still stored and retrieved using the time-domain pulse sequency used in SE. Specifically, with the laser frequency set at the particular absorption of a frequency bin, the laser is externally modulated by an acousto-optic modulator to produce amplitude modulated pulses representing the digital data, the write pulse, and the read pulse, during the write and retrieve operation, respectively. The advantages of this approach are that memory can be stored in space, time, and frequency domain, allowing us to tailor a flexible memory architecture to match those of the computational processor.
This report summarizes the results of a 3-year program of research on the physics and technology needed to develop high-performance optical memory and optical processing systems based on the concept called the stimulated photon echo (SPE). The research goals were investigation, demonstration, and improvement of signal strength and fidelity, architectures and algorithms, and materials properties for optical storage and in-memory processing. Key accomplishments were (1) development and demonstration of efficient algorithms for threshold discrimination and bit-error-rate reduction in retrieved binary images with large in-frame and frame-to-frame intensity variations; (2) demonstration and characterization of information storage in Erbium-doped crystals using 1.5-micron diode lasers compatible with fiber optic communications; (3) demonstration of improved phase-encoding schemes for in-memory temporal correlation of 1.5-micron pulse trains; (4) development of concepts for high-performance radar applications based on SPE optical memory for time-delay control of the transmitter array and in-memory image processing of the return signals; and (5) hosting the AFOSR Contractors' Meeting, "Optoelectronic Information Processing."
We describe the first experiments to validate the concept of a high-speed, high-density random access memory. This technique is based on a hybrid of the time-domain stimulated echo and the frequency domain scheme. The basic approach we have developed is the partitioning of the absorption frequency domain into smaller bins, so that each frequency bin stores a smaller portion of information independently. The advantage of the approach is the flexibility it offers in tailoring the memory system to match the computational processor. We have demonstrated storage and retrieval of data for long time in frequency bins separated by 750 MHz. We have achieved data rates of 40 MHz.© (1993) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Processing of two-dimensional images on a nanosecond time scale is demonstrated using the stimulated photon echoes in a rare-earth-doped crystal (0.1 at. % Pr(3+):LaF(3)). Two spatially encoded laser pulses (pictures) resonant with the (3)P(0)-(3)H(4) transition of Pr(3+) were stored by focusing the image pulses sequentially into the Pr(3+):LaF(3) crystal. The stored information is retrieved and processed by a third read pulse, generating the echo that is the spatial convolution or correlation of the input images. Application of this scheme to high-speed pattern recognition is discussed.