We give details of a *‐linear bijection between adapted (in the sense of Hudson and Parthasarathy) and vacuum‐adapted quantum stochastic integrals. This provides new insight into Attal's remarkable transformation of quantum semimartingales, by showing that it factorizes in a natural manner. The Banach *‐algebras of regular quantum and Ω‐semimartingales are consequently isomorphic, and an intrinsic characterisation of Ω‐semimartingales is obtained as an application of this fact. Various formulae occurring in quantum stochastic calculus are shown to have a more natural appearance in the vacuum‐adapted framework. We finish by providing the full generalization of this theory to higher dimensions.
The quantum Ito formula has so far been proved for regular (bounded) quantum semimartingales We give three different extensions to classes of essentially self-adjoint (unbounded) quantum semimartingales. The first extension is to quantum semimartingales whose integrands have chaos matrices controlled by certain scalar matrices The second extension is to perturbations of classical, possibly unbounded, quantum semimartingales by bounded quantum semimartingales The third extension is obtained by perturbing an essentially self-adjoint quantum semimartingale satisfying the quantum Duhamel formula by a regular quantum semimartingle.
We develop the theory of chaos spaces and chaos matrices. A chaos space is a Hilbert space with a fixed, countably-infinite, direct-sum decomposition. A chaos matrix between two chaos spaces is a doubly-infinite matrix of bounded operators which respects this decomposition. We study operators represented by such matrices, particularly with respect to self-adjointness. This theory is used to re-formulate the quantum stochastic calculus of Hudson and Parthasarathy. Integrals of chaos-matrix processes are defined using the Hitsuda-Skorokhod integral and Malliavin gradient,following Lindsay and Belavkin. A new way of defining adaptedness is developed and the consequent quantum product Ito formula is used to provide a genuine functional Ito formula for polynomials in a large class of unbounded processes, which include the Poisson process and Brownian motion. A new type of adaptedness, known as
Ω-adaptedness, is defined. We show that quantum stochastic integrals of
Ω-adapted processes are well-behaved; for instance, bounded processes have bounded integrals. We solve the appropriate modification of the evolution equation of Hudson and Parthasarathy: $U(t)=I+\int_{0}^{t}E(s)\mathrm{d}\Lambda(s)+F(s)\mathrm{d} A(s)+ G(s)U(s)\mathrm{d} A^{\dagger}(s)+H(s)U(s)\mathrm{d} s, $ where the coefficients are time-dependent, bounded,
Ω-adapted processes acting on the whole Fock space. We show that the usual conditions on the coefficients, viz. $(E,F,G,H)=(W-I,L,-WL^{*},iK+\mbox{$\frac{1}{2}$}LL^{*})$ where
W is unitary and
K self-adjoint, are necessary and sufficient conditions for the solution to be unitary. This is a very striking result when compared to the adapted case.
We first study a class of fundamental quantum stochastic processes induced by the generators of a six dimensional non-solvable Lie †-algebra consisting of all linear combinations of the generalized Gross Laplacian and its adjoint, annihilation operator, creation operator, conservation, and time, and then we study the quantum stochastic integrals associated with the class of fundamental quantum stochastic processes, and the quantum Itô formula is revisited. The existence and uniqueness of solution of a quantum stochastic differential equation is proved. The unitarity conditions of solutions of quantum stochastic differential equations associated with the fundamental processes are examined. The quantum stochastic calculus extends the Hudson-Parthasarathy quantum stochastic calculus.
In the calculus of Hudson and Parthasarathy we show the existence of a solution to the quantum stochastic evolution equation U ( t ) = I + ∫ 0 t U ( s ) ( L 1 d Λ ( s ) + L 2 d A ( s ) + L 3 d A † ( s ) + L 4 d s ) for a class of unbounded operators L1, …, L4 in the initial space, and show that the necessary and sufficient condition that U be a unitary process is the same as in the case that L1, …, L4 are bounded. Applications of the vacuum conditional expectation to U give rise to strongly continuous semigroups and their generators in the initial space, and to ultraweakly continuous completely positive semigroups and their generators in the von Neumann algebra of the initial space.
We consider the quantum stochastic differential equation introduced by Hudson and Parthasarathy to describe the stochastic evolution of an open quantum system together with its environment. We study the (unbounded) Hamiltonian operator generating the unitary group connected, as shown by Frigerio and Maassen, to the solution of the equation. We find a densely defined restriction of the Hamiltonian operator; in some special cases we prove that this restriction is essentially self-adjoint and in one particular case we get the whole Hamiltonian with its full domain.