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IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium digest

Observation of microwave comb generation with a Josephson junction array

Gert K. G. Hohenwarter, David P. McGinnis, James B. Beyer, J.E. Nordman

Published Jan 13, 2003• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The authors report high-harmonic-content sideband generation with a Josephson junction array as center conductor of a 50- Omega coplanar line. The line was fed with a low-level microwave signal and an AC bias current with a DC offset. Over 100 harmonics of the AC signal were observed in the mixing spectrum at RF frequencies up to 20 GHz. The shape of the spectrum changed with magnetic field and DC bias point.>

DOI
10.1109/mwsym.1989.38762

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The authors report high-harmonic-content sideband generation with a Josephson junction array as center conductor of a 50- Omega coplanar line. The line was fed with a low-level microwave signal and an AC bias current with a DC offset. Over 100 harmonics of the AC signal were observed in the mixing spectrum at RF frequencies up to 20 GHz. The shape of the spectrum changed with magnetic field and DC bias point.>
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We present a new type of microwave frequency combs with a potentially calculable pulse shape. The device is an array of 1500 Josephson junctions (JJs) connected in series along a transmission line. The pulse generation is based on the nonlinearity of the JJs. A large-signal network analyzer and a cryogenic probe station are used to characterize the pulses in the frequency domain up to 50 GHz. We compare the measured data to simulations that use the resistively and capacitively shunted JJ model. The amplitude stability of the demonstrated comb generator is better than 0.5 dB per 0.1 dB input drive variation within the operating range. Finally, we observe qualitative agreement between the measured and simulated power spectrum dependence on the input power, and discuss possible improvements to the system model.
A sandwich-type high- Josephson junction coupled with a coplanar-type transmission line was fabricated and heterodyne mixing characteristics were investigated. The junction was fabricated from a stacked film structure of (BSCCO/BSNCO/BSCCO) and the transmission line was made of sputter-deposited Pt film. The junction had a rectangular shape of . Current - voltage (I - V) curves of the junction showed weak-link-type characteristics. Two microwave sources of a frequency synthesizer and a sweep oscillator were used as a local oscillator (LO: 20 GHz) and a radio frequency signal source (RF: 19 GHz) for heterodyne mixing experiments. Intermediate signal (IF: 1 GHz) was transmitted through the transmission line and detected by a power meter. The conversion efficiency of -44 dB was estimated for an LO oscillator level of -23 dB m at 5.7 K when the junction was biased at the point below the first Shapiro step.
In a c-axis junction stack (10 μm×10 μm in a-b plane) patterned on a Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+X single crystal, we performed harmonic mixings between a 100 GHz signal and up to the 98th harmonic of a local oscillator at about 1 GHz. The dependence of PIF on V, where PIF is the mixing output at the intermediate frequency and V is the dc voltage across the junction stack, was strongly affected by the local oscillator power levels. For low values of local oscillator power, the optimum operation point where PIF became maximum was around zero bias, and typical multi-branch structure of PIF vs V curves were observed. For high values of local oscillator power, the optimum operation point moved to the high-voltage region. In both cases, interesting oscillations occurred on the PIF vs V curves. Our experimental results led us to believe that intrinsic Josephson junctions can be good candidates for high frequency applications and the harmonic mixing may be a useful probe to investigate plasma phenomena in the layered superconductors.