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Progress In Electromagnetics Research M

ALL-OPTICAL TUNABLE MIRROR DESIGN USING ELECTROMAGNETICALLY INDUCED TRANSPARENCY

Karim Abbasian, Ali Rostami, Zia Daei Koozehkanani

Published Jan 1, 2008• 13 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A new and efficient proposal for all-optical tunable devices and systems using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is proposed. For this purpose a slab doped with quantum dots for realization of three-level atomic system is considered. Density matrix formulation for evaluation of the proposed structure is used. The reflection and transmission coefficients of the considered slab are calculated and the related amplitude and phase quantities studied versus parameters of the structure. We show that some nanometer tuning with application of the control field is obtained. So, the proposed idea can open a new realization method of all-optical tunable devices and systems towards all-optical systems.

DOI
10.2528/pierm08072602

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All-optical tunable mirror of VCSEL using electromagnetically induced transparency

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A new and efficient proposal for all-optical tunable mirror of VCSEL using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is proposed. For this purpose a slab doped with quantum dots for realization of 3-level atomic system is considered. Density matrix formulation for time evaluation of the proposed structure is used. The reflection and transmission coefficients of the considered slab are calculated and time development of the related amplitude and output power and threshold current density of VCSEL laser studied. We show that some nanometer tuning can be obtained. So, the proposed idea can open a new realization method of all-optical tunable VCSEL lasers.

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Research on analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency effect based on asymmetric structure all-dielectric metamaterial

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The electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), which is a result of destructive interference between different excitation paths in a three-energy-level atomic medium, makes opaque probe light transparent over a range of frequencies. As this EIT effect is usually accompanied with strong dispersion, it has potential applications such as slow light propagation, optical buffering, nonlinear optics, optical sensing, etc. However, for conventional quantum EIT effect which requires stable gas lasers and low temperature environment, the implementation of EIT in chip-scale applications is severely hampered by the scathing experimental requirements. Recently, the EIT-like effect in metamaterials, which are constructed by designing the artificial subwavelength functional elements and arranging the spatial sequences, attracts tremendous attention because of its advantages, such as room temperature manipulability, large bandwidth, and small sizes. In addition, the high-quality factor(Q) value obtained by EIT-like effect has great significance in designing the metamaterial-based devices. In this paper, we design an EIT-like metamaterial with such a structure. The unit cell of the proposed metamaterial is constructed by two asymmetric silicon blocks embedded on a silicon dioxide substrate. Meanwhile, we analyze its optical properties and EIT-like effects by using three-dimension (3D) FDTD method. Based on the coupled Lorentz model, the EIT-like effect of the designed metamaterial is investigated. Then, by employing the electric field distribution on the surface of the metamaterial, and combining with the three-level atomic system, the mechanism of the EIT-like effect is analyzed in detail. We find that the EIT-like effect in the proposed metamaterial has high Q value (Q ≈ 8616) and the high transmission (T = 96%). By changing the length of the silicon block to destroy the asymmetry of the metamaterial structure, an active tuning EIT-like effect is realized. Furthermore, the metamaterial structure has the advantages of low loss, easy preparation, and active-controllability. This study represents an innovative approach to designing the EIT-like metamaterial, which is expected to be useful for designing active tunable slow-light devices and highly sensitive optical sensors.

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Electromagnetically induced transparency is a promising approach to implement quantumcommunication in quantum system. In this study, quantum coherence and interference in theexcitation pathways of a three-level Λ atomic system leads to the formation of new states of matter(i.e. the dark state). This state decouples itself from the excitation beams leading to phenomenasuch as coherent population trapping (CPT), electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT).Taking into account quantum coherence and interference in an optically dense electromagneticallyinducedtransparent medium, we investigate the non-destructive storage and retrieval of singlephotonquantum states in the dark state of this dense ensemble of gas phase medium. The storageand retrieval process is based on the intracavity electromagnetically induced transparency by whichproperties of a cavity filled with three-level Λ-type atoms are manipulated by an external control field.We demonstrate the peculiar case for the storage and retrieval of time-entangled periodic input pulses(a soliton train) in the dark state by adiabatic photon transfer under conditions of dynamicalimpedance matching. These multiplexed photon states are expected to allow sharing quantuminformation among many users, and are currently of very high demand for applications in longdistanceand multiplexed quantum communication.

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APPLICATION OF ELECTROMAGNETICALLY INDUCED TRANSPARENCY (EIT) IN QUANTUM COMMUNICATION: A REVIEW

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Electromagnetically induced transparency is a promising approach to implement quantumcommunication in quantum system. In this study, quantum coherence and interference in theexcitation pathways of a three-level Λ atomic system leads to the formation of new states of matter(i.e. the dark state). This state decouples itself from the excitation beams leading to phenomenasuch as coherent population trapping (CPT), electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT).Taking into account quantum coherence and interference in an optically dense electromagneticallyinducedtransparent medium, we investigate the non-destructive storage and retrieval of singlephotonquantum states in the dark state of this dense ensemble of gas phase medium. The storageand retrieval process is based on the intracavity electromagnetically induced transparency by whichproperties of a cavity filled with three-level Λ-type atoms are manipulated by an external control field.We demonstrate the peculiar case for the storage and retrieval of time-entangled periodic input pulses(a soliton train) in the dark state by adiabatic photon transfer under conditions of dynamicalimpedance matching. These multiplexed photon states are expected to allow sharing quantuminformation among many users, and are currently of very high demand for applications in longdistanceand multiplexed quantum communication.

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Quantum Coherent Optical Properties of Probe and Control Fields in Electromagnetically Induced Transparency

新韵 姜

对三能级电磁感应透明原子系统的密度矩阵方程进行解算，获得该系统九个密度矩阵元的色散行为,同时研究探针光与控制光所对应的原子气体介电系数的色散曲线和一般相干操控特性。本文将控制光与探针光同等看待，即不同于以往着重于探针光特性、将控制光仅当作调控电磁感应透明介质光学特性的外部条件看待、从而没有研究控制光本身如何受探针光的影响。本文研究探针光与控制光之间的彼此影响(即彼此受对方操控的行为)。电磁感应透明介质内由光来控制光的量子相干行为可以作为新型光子学器件设计的基本原理。 The equation of motion of the density matrix of a three-level EIT (electromagnetically induced transparency) atomic system is solved and the behavior of dispersion of the nine density matrix elements is presented. The general optical response of the electric permittivity corresponding to both the probe and the control fields is addressed based on the numerical results of the equation of motion of the density matrix. The probe and the control fields are treated in the same way, in which the influence of the probe field on the control field (and vice versa) is considered. The optical be- havior of controlling light with light can be a fundamental mechanism for new photonic and quantum optical device design.

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Optical control of light propagation in photonic crystal based on electromagnetically induced transparency

Dan Wang, Jinze Wu, Junxiang Zhang

A kind of photonic crystal structure with modulation of the refractive index is investigated both experimentally and theoretically for exploiting electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). The combination of EIT with periodically modulated refractive index medium gives rise to high efficiency reflection as well as forbidden transmission in a three-level atomic system coupled by standing wave. We show an accurate theoretical simulation via transfer-matrix theory, automatically accounting for multilayer reflections, thus fully demonstrate the existence of photonic crystal structure in atomic vapor.

Chinese Physics B•Jun 1, 2016•11 citations
A new and efficient proposal for all-optical tunable devices and systems using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is proposed. For this purpose a slab doped with quantum dots for realization of three-level atomic system is considered. Density matrix formulation for evaluation of the proposed structure is used. The reflection and transmission coefficients of the considered slab are calculated and the related amplitude and phase quantities studied versus parameters of the structure. We show that some nanometer tuning with application of the control field is obtained. So, the proposed idea can open a new realization method of all-optical tunable devices and systems towards all-optical systems.
A new and efficient proposal for all-optical tunable mirror of VCSEL using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is proposed. For this purpose a slab doped with quantum dots for realization of 3-level atomic system is considered. Density matrix formulation for time evaluation of the proposed structure is used. The reflection and transmission coefficients of the considered slab are calculated and time development of the related amplitude and output power and threshold current density of VCSEL laser studied. We show that some nanometer tuning can be obtained. So, the proposed idea can open a new realization method of all-optical tunable VCSEL lasers.
The electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), which is a result of destructive interference between different excitation paths in a three-energy-level atomic medium, makes opaque probe light transparent over a range of frequencies. As this EIT effect is usually accompanied with strong dispersion, it has potential applications such as slow light propagation, optical buffering, nonlinear optics, optical sensing, etc. However, for conventional quantum EIT effect which requires stable gas lasers and low temperature environment, the implementation of EIT in chip-scale applications is severely hampered by the scathing experimental requirements. Recently, the EIT-like effect in metamaterials, which are constructed by designing the artificial subwavelength functional elements and arranging the spatial sequences, attracts tremendous attention because of its advantages, such as room temperature manipulability, large bandwidth, and small sizes. In addition, the high-quality factor(Q) value obtained by EIT-like effect has great significance in designing the metamaterial-based devices. In this paper, we design an EIT-like metamaterial with such a structure. The unit cell of the proposed metamaterial is constructed by two asymmetric silicon blocks embedded on a silicon dioxide substrate. Meanwhile, we analyze its optical properties and EIT-like effects by using three-dimension (3D) FDTD method. Based on the coupled Lorentz model, the EIT-like effect of the designed metamaterial is investigated. Then, by employing the electric field distribution on the surface of the metamaterial, and combining with the three-level atomic system, the mechanism of the EIT-like effect is analyzed in detail. We find that the EIT-like effect in the proposed metamaterial has high Q value (Q ≈ 8616) and the high transmission (T = 96%). By changing the length of the silicon block to destroy the asymmetry of the metamaterial structure, an active tuning EIT-like effect is realized. Furthermore, the metamaterial structure has the advantages of low loss, easy preparation, and active-controllability. This study represents an innovative approach to designing the EIT-like metamaterial, which is expected to be useful for designing active tunable slow-light devices and highly sensitive optical sensors.
Electromagnetically induced transparency is a promising approach to implement quantumcommunication in quantum system. In this study, quantum coherence and interference in theexcitation pathways of a three-level Λ atomic system leads to the formation of new states of matter(i.e. the dark state). This state decouples itself from the excitation beams leading to phenomenasuch as coherent population trapping (CPT), electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT).Taking into account quantum coherence and interference in an optically dense electromagneticallyinducedtransparent medium, we investigate the non-destructive storage and retrieval of singlephotonquantum states in the dark state of this dense ensemble of gas phase medium. The storageand retrieval process is based on the intracavity electromagnetically induced transparency by whichproperties of a cavity filled with three-level Λ-type atoms are manipulated by an external control field.We demonstrate the peculiar case for the storage and retrieval of time-entangled periodic input pulses(a soliton train) in the dark state by adiabatic photon transfer under conditions of dynamicalimpedance matching. These multiplexed photon states are expected to allow sharing quantuminformation among many users, and are currently of very high demand for applications in longdistanceand multiplexed quantum communication.
Electromagnetically induced transparency is a promising approach to implement quantumcommunication in quantum system. In this study, quantum coherence and interference in theexcitation pathways of a three-level Λ atomic system leads to the formation of new states of matter(i.e. the dark state). This state decouples itself from the excitation beams leading to phenomenasuch as coherent population trapping (CPT), electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT).Taking into account quantum coherence and interference in an optically dense electromagneticallyinducedtransparent medium, we investigate the non-destructive storage and retrieval of singlephotonquantum states in the dark state of this dense ensemble of gas phase medium. The storageand retrieval process is based on the intracavity electromagnetically induced transparency by whichproperties of a cavity filled with three-level Λ-type atoms are manipulated by an external control field.We demonstrate the peculiar case for the storage and retrieval of time-entangled periodic input pulses(a soliton train) in the dark state by adiabatic photon transfer under conditions of dynamicalimpedance matching. These multiplexed photon states are expected to allow sharing quantuminformation among many users, and are currently of very high demand for applications in longdistanceand multiplexed quantum communication.
对三能级电磁感应透明原子系统的密度矩阵方程进行解算，获得该系统九个密度矩阵元的色散行为,同时研究探针光与控制光所对应的原子气体介电系数的色散曲线和一般相干操控特性。本文将控制光与探针光同等看待，即不同于以往着重于探针光特性、将控制光仅当作调控电磁感应透明介质光学特性的外部条件看待、从而没有研究控制光本身如何受探针光的影响。本文研究探针光与控制光之间的彼此影响(即彼此受对方操控的行为)。电磁感应透明介质内由光来控制光的量子相干行为可以作为新型光子学器件设计的基本原理。 The equation of motion of the density matrix of a three-level EIT (electromagnetically induced transparency) atomic system is solved and the behavior of dispersion of the nine density matrix elements is presented. The general optical response of the electric permittivity corresponding to both the probe and the control fields is addressed based on the numerical results of the equation of motion of the density matrix. The probe and the control fields are treated in the same way, in which the influence of the probe field on the control field (and vice versa) is considered. The optical be- havior of controlling light with light can be a fundamental mechanism for new photonic and quantum optical device design.
A kind of photonic crystal structure with modulation of the refractive index is investigated both experimentally and theoretically for exploiting electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). The combination of EIT with periodically modulated refractive index medium gives rise to high efficiency reflection as well as forbidden transmission in a three-level atomic system coupled by standing wave. We show an accurate theoretical simulation via transfer-matrix theory, automatically accounting for multilayer reflections, thus fully demonstrate the existence of photonic crystal structure in atomic vapor.