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Conference proceedings. ... International Conference on Indium Phosphide and Related Materials

Carrier dynamics in inhomogeneously broadened InAs/InP quantum-dot optical amplifiers

Ouri Karni, K. J. Kuchar, Amir Capua, Vissarion Mikhelashvili, G. Eisenstein, Grzegorz Sek, J. Misiewicz, Vitalii Ivanov, J. P. Roithmaier

Published May 1, 2014• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report on multi-wavelength pump-probe characterization of the fundamental gain dynamics in recently developed InAs/InP quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers. Recovery of the gain at various wavelengths following a powerful optical pump pulse, was recorded at different bias levels and different excitation powers. Wavelength dependencies of gain saturation depth, of the level to which the gain recovers and of the recovery rates were obtained. Unlike in quantum-dash amplifiers, these quantum-dots exhibit no instantaneous gain response, confirming their zero-dimensional nature.

DOI
10.1109/iciprm.2014.6880559

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We report on multi-wavelength pump-probe characterization of the fundamental gain dynamics in recently developed InAs/InP quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers. Recovery of the gain at various wavelengths following a powerful optical pump pulse, was recorded at different bias levels and different excitation powers. Wavelength dependencies of gain saturation depth, of the level to which the gain recovers and of the recovery rates were obtained. Unlike in quantum-dash amplifiers, these quantum-dots exhibit no instantaneous gain response, confirming their zero-dimensional nature.
We describe a unique phenomenon occurring in InAs/InP quantum dash amplifiers: a nearly instantaneous gain response taking place across the entire inhomogeneously broadened gain spectrum. The phenomenon is induced by a 100–150 fs pulse and is observable using multiwavelength pump probe measurements. Large bias levels and an intense pump pulse are imperative for enacting the ultrafast mechanism which is due to a combination of the gain inhomogeneity, nonlinear two photon absorption and the quantum wirelike density of state function.
We numerically investigate the influence of the pump-probe wavelength on the gain and phase recovery dynamics of quantum-dot (QD) semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs). The temporal variations of the gain and phase recovery response are calculated at various pump-probe wavelengths, covering the emission wavelength of both the QD ground and excited states. The gain recovery becomes faster at the longer pump-probe wavelength due to the enlarged carrier escape time. The initial phase change turns from a negative to a positive value as the pump-probe wavelength becomes smaller, which is determined by the spectral position of the pump-probe wavelength in reference to the Gaussian-shaped inhomogeneous broadening. The calculated results agree with the previous experimental results measured by other experimental groups.
We numerically investigate the effect of inhomogeneous broadening caused by quantum-dot (QD) size fluctuations on the gain and phase recovery of QD semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs). We establish 1088 coupled rate equations to simulate the carrier dynamics of the inhomogeneously broadened QD ensembles as inhomogeneous broadening increases. When all the QD ensembles are identical and inhomogeneous broadening becomes zero, eight coupled rate equations are solved for the homogeneous QDs. The gain and phase recovery responses are calculated when an ultrashort pump pulse is injected into a QD SOA. As the inhomogeneous broadening increases, the slow component of the phase recovery at the QD ground state increases due to the enlarged contribution from the slow phase recovery of carrier reservoirs such as the QD excited states. By separately calculating the gain and phase recovery responses of the homogeneous QDs with different sizes, we identify how increasing inhomogeneous broadening affects the enlarged slow phase recovery components from carrier reservoirs. We also demonstrate that the effect of inhomogeneous broadening on the temporal variation of the α-factor is more significant compared to the injection pump power.