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Journal of the Optical Society of America A

Ultrashort pulse coherence properties in coherent linear amplifiers

Laleh Mokhtarpour, Sergey A. Ponomarenko

Published Mar 8, 2013• 11 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We examine coherence properties of small-area, intrinsically stationary statistical pulses propagating in amplifying media in the vicinity of an optical resonance. Any such medium acts as a coherent linear amplifier, amplifying and reshaping the pulse. We show that an initially nearly incoherent Gaussian Schell-model pulse becomes almost fully coherent and its state of coherence becomes nearly uniform across the temporal profile as the pulse propagates into the amplifying medium.

DOI
10.1364/josaa.30.000627

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We examine coherence properties of small-area, intrinsically stationary statistical pulses propagating in amplifying media in the vicinity of an optical resonance. Any such medium acts as a coherent linear amplifier, amplifying and reshaping the pulse. We show that an initially nearly incoherent Gaussian Schell-model pulse becomes almost fully coherent and its state of coherence becomes nearly uniform across the temporal profile as the pulse propagates into the amplifying medium.
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We discover and analytically describe self-similar pulses existing in homogeneously broadened amplifying linear media in a vicinity of an optical resonance. We demonstrate numerically that the discovered pulses serve as universal self-similar asymptotics of any near-resonant short pulses with sharp leading edges, propagating in coherent linear amplifiers. We show that broadening of any low-intensity seed pulse in the amplifier has a diffusive nature: Asymptotically the pulse width growth is governed by the simple diffusion law. We also compare the energy gain factors of short and long self-similar pulses supported by such media.
In this book, we focus on the stochastic nature of pulses to achieve a more realistic description of ultra-short optical pulses affected by noise. In order to simulate ultra-short pulses, various stochastic pulse models were applied. The effects of pulse amplitude and phase fluctuations on its propagation in various linear and non-linear media were studied based on optical coherence theory. The response of the medium atoms to the applied stochastic pulses was investigated for the particular resonant case in which the pulse frequency nearly coincides with the atom resonance frequency. Analytical and numerical propagation methods were applied to explore evolutions of ultra-short stochastic pulses in the vicinity of optical resonance.
Summary form only given. A small-area femtosecond pulse propagates in a dispersive medium in a coherent fashion, if the relaxation times of the medium are compared with the pulse length for a long time. As a result, the pulse will be reshaped. This has been described by linear dispersion theory. Using Rydberg states of a molecular or an atomic gas as dispersive medium, the large spectral width of the femtosecond pulse can overlap with more than one level simultaneously. In this case, the shape of the propagated pulse reflects the temporal evolution of the Rydberg wave packet formed by the resonant Rydberg states.