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Visible and Entangled Until recently, quantum behavior seemed to be the exclusive domain of tiny objects like atoms or electrons. However, entanglement of millimeter-sized membranes may soon come about, thus bringing quantum physics closer to our macroscopic world.

Michael J. Hartmann, Martin Bodo Plenio

Published Jan 1, 2008• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Related papers

Entanglement and Quantum Superposition of a Macroscopic-Macroscopic system

F. De Martini

arXiv:0903.1992•Foundations of Physics•Feb 4, 2010•7 citations

Entangling microscopic defects via a macroscopic quantum shuttle

Grigorij J. Grabovskij, Pavel A. Bushev, Jared H. Cole +4 more

In the microscopic world, multipartite entanglement has been achieved with various types of nanometer-sized two-level systems such as trapped ions, atoms and photons. On the macroscopic scale ranging from micrometers to millimeters, recent experiments have demonstrated bipartite and tripartite entanglement for electronic quantum circuits with superconducting Josephson junctions. It remains challenging to bridge these largely different length scales by constructing hybrid quantum systems. Doing so may allow us to manipulate the entanglement of individual microscopic objects separated by macroscopically large distances in a quantum circuit. Here we report on the experimental demonstration of induced coherent interaction between two intrinsic two-level states (TLSs) formed by atomic-scale defects in a solid via a superconducting phase qubit. The tunable superconducting circuit serves as a shuttle communicating quantum information between the two microscopic TLSs. We present a detailed comparison between experiment and theory and find excellent agreement over a wide range of parameters. We then use the theoretical model to study the creation and movement of entanglement between the three components of the quantum system.

arXiv:1102.5037•New Journal of Physics•Jun 9, 2011•12 citations

Micro-macro entanglement

Christoph Simon

Does quantum physics apply on all scales? I describe recent theoretical and experimental work on the creation and detection of micro-macro entanglement involving single photons and intense light beams.

The Rochester Conferences on Coherence and Quantum Optics and the Quantum Information and Measurement meeting•Jan 1, 2013•0 citations

Basic science [Technology 1998 analysis and forecast]

A. Helemans

The smaller they make their devices, the closer electronics engineers come to entering the world of quantum mechanics, that wonderland where the rules of physics differ drastically from those of the macroscopic world people experience with their senses. In one example, physicists and engineers are creating so-called quantum dots and are investigating how to use them in new forms of electronics. They aspire to transmit data not by tiny currents, but by single electrons that hop from one quantum dot to the next. Probably the one thing generally known about quantum mechanics is that matter-despite its particulate nature-may behave like a wave. This idea was emphasized once again last year when a team at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), in Cambridge, produced coherent beams of matter in what the group refers to as an atom laser. (The same group just two years ago produced an entirely new state of matter known as Bose-Einstein condensates.) Elsewhere, scientists in France have succeeded in detecting decoherence, the transition from the quantum world into the macroscopic world, by contriving systems that can be in two quantum states at the same time, albeit briefly. Also in France, physicists have shown how to exploit chaos to encrypt optically transmitted data. This finding might eventually be useful in ultrafast applications, such as the scrambling and unscrambling of television signals transmitted over optical fibers.

IEEE Spectrum•Jan 1, 1998•3 citations

Experimental undecidability of macroscopic quantumness

Paweł Kurzyński, Akihito Soeda, Ravishankar Ramanathan +3 more

Quantum mechanics marks a radical departure from the classical understanding of Nature, fostering an inherent randomness which forbids a deterministic description; yet the most fundamental departure arises from something different. As shown by Bell [1] and Kochen-Specker [2], quantum mechanics portrays a picture of the world in which reality loses its objectivity and is in fact created by observation. Quantum mechanics predicts phenomena which cannot be explained by any theory with objective realism, although our everyday experience supports the hypothesis that macroscopic objects, despite being made of quantum particles, exist independently of the act of observation; in this paper we identify this behavior as classical. Here we show that this seemingly obvious classical behavior of the macroscopic world cannot be experimentally tested and belongs to the realm of ontology similar to the dispute on the interpretations of quantum mechanics [3,4]. For small systems such as a single photon [5] or a pair [6], it has been experimentally proven that a classical description cannot be sustained. Recently, there have also been experiments that claim to have demonstrated quantum behavior of relatively large objects such as interference of fullerenes [7], the violation of Leggett-Garg inequality in Josephson junction [8], and interference between two condensed clouds of atoms [9], which suggest that there is no limit to the size of the system on which the quantum-versus-classical question can be tested. These behaviors, however, are not sufficient to refute classical description in the sense of objective reality. Our findings show that once we reach the regime where an Avogadro number of particles is present, the quantum-versus-classical question cannot be answered experimentally.

arXiv:1111.2696•Nov 11, 2011•2 citations

Macroscopic Effects of Quantum Entanglement

Časlav Brukner, Vlatko Vedral, Anton Zeilinger

Bulletin of the American Physical Society•Mar 23, 2005•0 citations
In the microscopic world, multipartite entanglement has been achieved with various types of nanometer-sized two-level systems such as trapped ions, atoms and photons. On the macroscopic scale ranging from micrometers to millimeters, recent experiments have demonstrated bipartite and tripartite entanglement for electronic quantum circuits with superconducting Josephson junctions. It remains challenging to bridge these largely different length scales by constructing hybrid quantum systems. Doing so may allow us to manipulate the entanglement of individual microscopic objects separated by macroscopically large distances in a quantum circuit. Here we report on the experimental demonstration of induced coherent interaction between two intrinsic two-level states (TLSs) formed by atomic-scale defects in a solid via a superconducting phase qubit. The tunable superconducting circuit serves as a shuttle communicating quantum information between the two microscopic TLSs. We present a detailed comparison between experiment and theory and find excellent agreement over a wide range of parameters. We then use the theoretical model to study the creation and movement of entanglement between the three components of the quantum system.
The smaller they make their devices, the closer electronics engineers come to entering the world of quantum mechanics, that wonderland where the rules of physics differ drastically from those of the macroscopic world people experience with their senses. In one example, physicists and engineers are creating so-called quantum dots and are investigating how to use them in new forms of electronics. They aspire to transmit data not by tiny currents, but by single electrons that hop from one quantum dot to the next. Probably the one thing generally known about quantum mechanics is that matter-despite its particulate nature-may behave like a wave. This idea was emphasized once again last year when a team at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), in Cambridge, produced coherent beams of matter in what the group refers to as an atom laser. (The same group just two years ago produced an entirely new state of matter known as Bose-Einstein condensates.) Elsewhere, scientists in France have succeeded in detecting decoherence, the transition from the quantum world into the macroscopic world, by contriving systems that can be in two quantum states at the same time, albeit briefly. Also in France, physicists have shown how to exploit chaos to encrypt optically transmitted data. This finding might eventually be useful in ultrafast applications, such as the scrambling and unscrambling of television signals transmitted over optical fibers.
Quantum mechanics marks a radical departure from the classical understanding of Nature, fostering an inherent randomness which forbids a deterministic description; yet the most fundamental departure arises from something different. As shown by Bell [1] and Kochen-Specker [2], quantum mechanics portrays a picture of the world in which reality loses its objectivity and is in fact created by observation. Quantum mechanics predicts phenomena which cannot be explained by any theory with objective realism, although our everyday experience supports the hypothesis that macroscopic objects, despite being made of quantum particles, exist independently of the act of observation; in this paper we identify this behavior as classical. Here we show that this seemingly obvious classical behavior of the macroscopic world cannot be experimentally tested and belongs to the realm of ontology similar to the dispute on the interpretations of quantum mechanics [3,4]. For small systems such as a single photon [5] or a pair [6], it has been experimentally proven that a classical description cannot be sustained. Recently, there have also been experiments that claim to have demonstrated quantum behavior of relatively large objects such as interference of fullerenes [7], the violation of Leggett-Garg inequality in Josephson junction [8], and interference between two condensed clouds of atoms [9], which suggest that there is no limit to the size of the system on which the quantum-versus-classical question can be tested. These behaviors, however, are not sufficient to refute classical description in the sense of objective reality. Our findings show that once we reach the regime where an Avogadro number of particles is present, the quantum-versus-classical question cannot be answered experimentally.