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Quantum and Semiclassical Optics Journal of the European Optical Society Part B

Raman velocity selection of a three-level atom in a modulated light field

Dmitry V. Kosachiov, Yu. Rozhdestvensky

Published Jun 1, 1996• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper presents a theoretical analysis of a Raman velocity selection of three-level atoms in a field of two counterpropagating light waves with time-modulated amplitudes. We demonstrate that in this case additional resonances appear in the atomic velocity distribution for the velocity values corresponding to the frequency of modulation. We have discussed a possible application of such a coherent technique in atomic optics for efficient splitting of an atomic wavepacket.

DOI
10.1088/1355-5111/8/3/021

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This paper presents a theoretical analysis of a Raman velocity selection of three-level atoms in a field of two counterpropagating light waves with time-modulated amplitudes. We demonstrate that in this case additional resonances appear in the atomic velocity distribution for the velocity values corresponding to the frequency of modulation. We have discussed a possible application of such a coherent technique in atomic optics for efficient splitting of an atomic wavepacket.
It is known [1-3], that the samples of atoms with a velocity spread much lower than the recoil velocity uR= ħk/M (k is the wave number of exciting light field, M is the mass of atom) can be obtained by use of velocity selection with stimulated Raman transitions. A theoretical analysis of the velocity selection method is presented in [2,3]. So, it was shown in [2] that the formation of such narrow velocity structures is performed not only by the counterpropagating, but also by co-propagating light waves. This fact allows to form the two-dimensional velocity distribution of the widths δvx,y « uR by the velocity selection technique using laser configuration as in Fig. 1b.
The wavefunction of a moderately cold atom in a stationary near-resonant standing light wave delocalizes very fast due to wave packet splitting. However, we show that frequency modulation of the field may suppress packet splitting for some atoms having specific velocities in a narrow range. These atoms remain localized in a small space for a long time. We propose that in a real experiment with cold atomic gas this effect may decrease the velocity distribution of atoms (the field traps the atoms with such specific velocities while all other atoms leave the field).
The wave function of a moderately cold atom in a stationary near-resonant standing light wave delocalizes very fast due to wave packet splitting. However, we show that frequency modulation of the field may suppress packet splitting for some atoms having specific velocities in a narrow range. These atoms remain localized in a small space for a long time. We propose that in a real experiment with cold atomic gas this effect may decrease the velocity distribution of atoms (the field traps the atoms with such specific velocities while all other atoms leave the field)
A theoretical analysis is presented of the change in the momentum of a three-level atom due to its interaction with counterpropagating laser pulses that overlap in time. The two lower energy states of the atom are metastable; i.e., a lambda-type configuration of atomic levels is considered. The cases of two and four counterpropagating pulses having different carrier frequencies are considered. In the case of adiabatic atom-field interaction, it is shown that the atom’s momentum can change by an integer multiple of the photon momentum and the corresponding standard deviation is small as compared to the photon momentum squared.