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Microwave and Optical Technology Letters

EIT in hollow‐core fibers for optical communications devices

Bruno D. Tibúrcio, Gil M. Fernandes, Jorge H. Monteiro, Silvia Rodrigues, Mário F. S. Ferreira, M. Facão, M. I. Carvalho, Armando N. Pinto

Published Dec 18, 2014• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

ABSTRACT We developed an experimental setup for electromagnetically induced transparency able to manufacture microcells, suitable for optical fiber communications technology. A hollow‐core photonic crystal fiber (HC‐PCF) is filled with acetylene, to work in the 1500 nm telecommunications window. We used a HC‐PCF with the mode‐field diameter compatible with standard single‐mode fibers, with the purpose of achieving low‐loss splicing and enabling us to work at low pumping powers. This allows to induce a narrow transparency window, which can be spectrally adjusted and dynamically controlled. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:348–352, 2015

DOI
10.1002/mop.28836

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ABSTRACT We developed an experimental setup for electromagnetically induced transparency able to manufacture microcells, suitable for optical fiber communications technology. A hollow‐core photonic crystal fiber (HC‐PCF) is filled with acetylene, to work in the 1500 nm telecommunications window. We used a HC‐PCF with the mode‐field diameter compatible with standard single‐mode fibers, with the purpose of achieving low‐loss splicing and enabling us to work at low pumping powers. This allows to induce a narrow transparency window, which can be spectrally adjusted and dynamically controlled. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:348–352, 2015
This thesis presents the development of photonic microcells for use as the host for coherent optics phenomena and related applications. A photonic microcell consists of a length of hollow-core photonic crystal fibre (HC-PCF) with a gas-filled core that is spliced to conventional optical fibre at either end to seal the gas within the fibre. Towards the goal of demonstrating and assessing the coherence properties of quantum optical effects in photonic microcells, the fabrication of two types of HC-PCF is presented. The established photonic bandgap HC-PCF offers extremely low transmission loss of ~10 dB/km over kilometre distances. However, the fibre has a limited transmission bandwidth of ~50 THz and exhibits modal coupling unfavourable for many applications. Work is presented on the tailoring of this fibre by control and shaping of the core-surround in order to improve its modal properties. A second type of HC-PCF is based on a large-pitch lattice, whose guidance relies on a new mechanism. This fibre exhibits a much improved bandwidth (>1000 THz) and has a relatively higher but still practical loss of ~1 dB/m. The development of photonic microcells at microbar pressure level and with low optical insertion loss is shown, an important step in the improvement of the technology for coherent optics applications which will take advantage of the extreme gas-laser interaction efficiency achieved in HC-PCF. Finally, quantum optical effects are demonstrated in HC-PCF and photonic microcells loaded with both the molecular gas acetylene and atomic vapour rubidium. The observation of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in acetylene-filled HC-PCF represents the first such observation in a molecular gas, while the use of a photonic microcell allows a comparison of many experimental configurations to explore the coherence properties of coherent optical systems in the core of a HC-PCF. Furthermore, EIT is observed unambiguously in a rubidium loaded HC-PCF for the first time, and the anti-relaxation effects of a polymer coating demonstrated in this configuration.