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The European Physical Journal D

Pulsed polarization gradient cooling in an optical dipole trap with a Laguerre-Gaussian laser beam

Yoshio Torii, Noritsugu Shiokawa, Takuya Hirano, T. Kuga, Y. Shimizu, Hiroyuki Sasada

Published Apr 1, 1998• 17 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s100530050088

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Laguerre-Gaussian laser beams and ion traps

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Laser cooling and trapping has led to a revolution in Atomic and Molecular physics. Optical traps created with blue-detuned laser beams are desired for numerous studies. One method of creating such a trap is with Laguerre-Gaussian laser beams. Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) laser beams are interesting because of their orbital angular momentum and radial intensity modes. Previous methods of creating higher-order LG beams did not yield pure LG modes. In collaboration with Digital Optics Corporation diffraction optics have been manufactured that yield higher-order LG laser beams with purities consistent with 100% of the intensity in the desire mode. We then create a donut-mode LG beam with this method to confine atoms from a MOT in both a blue-detuned and a red-detuned optical dipole force trap.
Abstract Optical vortices are currently one of the most intensively studied topics in light–matter interaction. In this work, a three-step axial Doppler- and recoil-free Gaussian–Gaussian-Laguerre–Gaussian (GGLG) excitation of a localized atom to the highly excited Rydberg state is presented. By assuming a large detuning for intermediate states, an effective quadrupole excitation related to the Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) excitation to the highly excited Rydberg state is obtained. This special excitation system radially confines the single highly excited Rydberg atom independently of the trapping system into a sharp potential landscape into the so-called ‘far-off-resonance optical dipole-quadrupole trap’ (FORDQT). The key parameters of the Rydberg excitation to the highly excited state, namely the effective Rabi frequency and the effective detuning including a position-dependent AC Stark shift, are calculated in terms of the basic parameters of the LG beam and of the polarization of the excitation lasers. It is shown that the obtained parameters can be tuned to have a precise excitation of a single atom to the desired Rydberg state as well. The features of transferring the optical orbital and spin angular momentum of the polarized LG beam to the atom via quadrupole Rydberg excitation offer a long-lived and controllable qudit quantum memory. In addition, in contrast to the Gaussian laser beam, the doughnut-shaped LG beam makes it possible to use a high intensity laser beam to increase the signal-to-noise ratio in quadrupole excitation with minimized perturbations coming from stray light broadening in the last Rydberg excitation process.