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IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity

A 4 bit YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-δ/ bicrystal Josephson junctions flux shuttle shift register

R. Koch, Theo Andreas Scherer, M. Winter, W. Jutzi

Published Jun 1, 1997• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A flux shuttle shift register with master and slave sections is implemented with YBCO Josephson junctions along only one straight grain boundary of a bicrystal substrate. The investigated prototype comprises a write circuit, four master/slave shift register cells and a dynamic read out circuit for single flux quanta. The simulation results and the layout are presented.

DOI
10.1109/77.622208

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Proceedings of the IEEE•Jan 1, 1973•132 citations
A flux shuttle shift register with master and slave sections is implemented with YBCO Josephson junctions along only one straight grain boundary of a bicrystal substrate. The investigated prototype comprises a write circuit, four master/slave shift register cells and a dynamic read out circuit for single flux quanta. The simulation results and the layout are presented.
We fabricated a 4 stage single flux quantum shift register with YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub x/ (YBCO) bicrystal Josephson junctions and demonstrated the circuit's low error operation by using a computer controlled digital measurement set-up. The circuit was operated at 65 K. Binary data sequences of "1000", "1010", "1011," and "1111" were successfully loaded and shifted in the circuit. The two read SQUIDs placed next to each side of the shift register were used to sense all the individual data states. By operating the circuit with the proper current pulses, we observed no errors during 16 hours, which is equivalent to 21,000 error-free data shifts. We also found that temperature dependent inductance and junction critical currents limit the operating temperature range of the circuit, and the effective thermal noise temperature can be lower than 100 K.
A 12 bit Flux Shuttle shift register with a new write and readout gate has been simulated and fabricated using Nb/Al/sub 2/O/sub 3//Nb Josephson junctions. Write, shift and read operations have been tested successfully at 4.2 K. Drive currents are independent from input bit sequence. Although measurements were disturbed by trapped flux, minimum margins are /spl Delta/I=/spl plusmn/10%. The power dissipation of a shift register cell is 9 nW/GHz. Total power losses caused by terminating resistors are 70 /spl mu/W. The minimum line width may be scaled down to 0.5 /spl mu/m, because power losses per unit area of long Flux Shuttle shift registers are extremely low.
A 3 bit single flux quantum (SFQ) shift register based on high-Tc bicrystal Josephson junctions has been designed, fabricated, and experimentally tested. The circuit consists of 26 bicrystal Josephson junctions and includes the shift register itself, two dc-SFQ converters, one readout superconducting quantum interference device, serving as a SFQ-dc converter, and three Josephson transmission lines. The correct operation of all circuit components has been demonstrated by low frequency testing at a temperature of 50 K.
A microwave mixer was patterned on a microstrip transmission line of superconducting YBCO (YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-x/). The YBCO film was epitaxially laser deposited on a SrTiO/sub 3/ bicrystal substrate. A weak link was constructed by patterning a microbridge in the microstrip at the bicrystal boundary. Microwave signals at 9.000 GHz and 9.941 GHz were applied at the input of the microstrip line. An output intermediate frequency signal was observed at 941 MHz and was detected as the transmitted signal. The microbridge junction, which behaved as a resistively shunted Josephson junction (RSJ), was current biased slightly above the critical current I/sub c/. The mixer conversion loss was measured at the input and output ports of the device package. The mixing efficiency was determined at the device junction. This efficiency was compared with the calculated efficiency determined by numerical solution of the Josephson equation for the weak link junction.>
A shift register is described which employs as information bits the flux quantum vortices occurring in Josephson junctions of extended dimensions. The positions of the vortices can be controlled and manipulated by an appropriately designed circuit geometry and by application of currents and magnetic fields. The time required for switching of the position of a vortex can approach the period of the Josephson plasma oscillation (∼10 ps) and the intrinsic energy dissipation is typically ≲ 10-18J/shift.