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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)

All-optical transistor using an optical event horizon

Jens Bethge, Carsten Brée, Shalva Amiranashvili, FRANK NOACK, Günter Steinmeyer, Ayhan Demircan

Published May 1, 2011• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We show by experiment that scattering of an optical pulse at an optical event horizon provides an unprecedented potential for controlling the properties of a light pulse with another light pulse. Most importantly, with proper parameter selection, a strong pulse can be switched by a 7 times less energetic pulse, which clearly sets our method apart from almost any other previously proposed optical transistor. Moreover, while a gate pulse may experience serious reshaping effects in the normal dispersion regime, a suitably chosen soliton does not dispersively spread or break up into multiple pulses, such that the solitonic switching scheme is cascadable.

DOI
10.1109/cleoe.2011.5942883

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We show by experiment that scattering of an optical pulse at an optical event horizon provides an unprecedented potential for controlling the properties of a light pulse with another light pulse. Most importantly, with proper parameter selection, a strong pulse can be switched by a 7 times less energetic pulse, which clearly sets our method apart from almost any other previously proposed optical transistor. Moreover, while a gate pulse may experience serious reshaping effects in the normal dispersion regime, a suitably chosen soliton does not dispersively spread or break up into multiple pulses, such that the solitonic switching scheme is cascadable.
A novel concept for an all-optical transistor is proposed and verified numerically. This concept relies on cross-phase modulation between a signal and a control pulse. Other than previous approaches, the interaction length is extended by temporally locking control and the signal pulse in an optical event horizon, enabling continuous modification of the central wavelength, energy, and duration of a signal pulse by an up to sevenfold weaker control pulse. Moreover, if the signal pulse is a soliton it may maintain its solitonic properties during the switching process. The proposed all-optical switching concept fulfills all criteria for a useful optical transistor in [Nat. Photon. 4, 3 (2010)], in particular, fan-out and cascadability, which have previously proven as the most difficult to meet.
The quest for realizing an all-optical transistor while fulfilling desired criteria has been around since long time. Various schemes have been put forward over the years to achieve it; however, almost all techniques make use of at least two different laser sources. Optical event horizon principle has also been employed to see transistor action in glass fibers using two different frequency sources. In this paper, we report an optical transistor action in short-length, tailor-made multimode optical fibers through a single pump only. The higher order mode properties of the fiber and intermodal nonlinear interaction (mainly cross-phase modulation) are used to achieve efficient transistor action. Both the soliton and a weak dispersive pulse are excited in LP02and LP01modes of the fiber, respectively, with a certain temporal delay set by the sign of the differential group delay between the modes. We believe that the scheme has potential to improve system performance owing to the fact that only a single-wavelength pump source is required as opposed to the optical-transistor devices available till date that essentially require two-color pumping.
The realization of an all-optical transistor, in which one "gate" photon controls a "source" light beam, is a long-standing goal in optics. By stopping a light pulse in an atomic ensemble contained inside an optical resonator, we realized a device in which one stored gate photon controls the resonator transmission of subsequently applied source photons. A weak gate pulse induces bimodal transmission distribution, corresponding to zero and one gate photons. One stored gate photon produces fivefold source attenuation and can be retrieved from the atomic ensemble after switching more than one source photon. Without retrieval, one stored gate photon can switch several hundred source photons. With improved storage and retrieval efficiency, our work may enable various new applications, including photonic quantum gates and deterministic multiphoton entanglement.
We demonstrate that the optical event horizon can provide an effective technique to actively control the propagation properties of a dark soliton with another weak probe wave. Careful power adjustment of the probe wave enables the black soliton converted into a gray one with varying grayness through the nonlinear interaction, corresponding to a nearly adiabatic variation of the soliton's speed. The sign of the phase angle for the newly formed gray soliton at optical event horizon is significantly dependent on the frequency of the launched probe wave. Linear-stability analysis of dark solitons under the perturbation of a weak probe wave is performed to clarify the intrinsic mechanism of the nonlinear interaction. The probe wave manipulated collisional dynamics between both dark solitons are investigated as an analogue of the combined white-hole and black-hole horizons which provides some insights into exploring the transition between integrable and non-integrable systems.