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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)

Quantum correlations between intense beams using four-wave mixing in atomic vapours: Theory and experiments

Quentin C. Glorieux, Romain Dubessy, Luca Guidoni, J.-P. Likforman, S. Guibal, E. Arimondo, T. Coudreau

Published May 1, 2011• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Four-wave mixing is well known to constitute an efficient mean of generating quantum correlated beams. After initial demonstration experiments, very large levels of quantum correlations were demonstrated recently and have motivated our theoretical study. This study is compared to classical and quantum quantities measured experimentally.
DOI
10.1109/cleoe.2011.5943363

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Abstract We study both theoretically and experimentally the generation of quantum correlations in the continuous variable regime by way of four-wave mixing in a hot atomic vapor. Two theoretical approaches have been developed. On one side, we study the four- wave mixing under the "classical" non-linear optics point of view. In such a way we obtain the evolution equation for an ideal linear amplifier in a χ(3) medium. On the other side, we present a microscopic model with 4 levels in the double-Λ configuration to calculate the χ(3) coefficient in a atomic vapor dressed with a laser. This calculation allows us to derive the spectra of intensity noise for interesting parameters. The experimental part of this work describes the demonstration of this effect on the D1 line of rubidium 85. We present a measurement of relative intensity squeezing as high as -9.2dB below the standard quantum limit, and an original regime where quantum correlations have been measured without amplification. These results have broad applications in the field of multimode quantum optics, e.g. quantum imaging or the multimode quantum memories. Keywords quantum fluctuations, squeezing, quantum correlations, atomic vapor, four wave mixing, continuous variable, entanglement.
We study the generation of intensity quantum correlations using four-wave mixing in a rubidium vapor. The absence of cavities in these experiments allows to deal with several spatial modes simultaneously. In the standard amplifying configuration, we measure relative intensity squeezing up to 9.2 dB below the standard quantum limit. We also theoretically identify and experimentally demonstrate an original regime where, despite no overall amplification, quantum correlations are generated. In this regime, a four-wave mixing setup can play the role of a photonic beam splitter with nonclassical properties, that is, a device that splits a coherent state input into two quantum-correlated beams.