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The Uncertainties of the Uncertainty Principle, Part 2: What Heisenberg missed

Paulo N. Correa, Alexandra N. Correa

Published Dec 28, 2010• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The world of the quantum, which encompasses all particles of matter at rest or in motion, photons and massbound charges, is thought to be a world of uncertainty. Yet, the present communication treats the quantum as merely an invariant moment situated at the convergence of very different energy (fine-) structures and processes, all of which permit accurate measurement of particle velocities and their associated wave functions. In the aetherometric approach, a particle and its waves form an energy multiplicity. The outcome of the proposed algebraic analysis is a novel, nonclassical and nonrelativistic theory of photoinertial and electroinertial linear momenta that treats heisenberg-ian path distances as functions of the de Broglie wavelengths, and all photoinertial and electromagnetic energy events as byproducts of electrical processes. Bohr complementarity is easily avoided, once the Heisenberg Principle is demonstrated to be an erroneous interpretation of the quantum nature of the energy processes associated with massbound particles.

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The world of the quantum, which encompasses all particles of matter at rest or in motion, photons and massbound charges, is thought to be a world of uncertainty. Yet, the present communication treats the quantum as merely an invariant moment situated at the convergence of very different energy (fine-) structures and processes, all of which permit accurate measurement of particle velocities and their associated wave functions. In the aetherometric approach, a particle and its waves form an energy multiplicity. The outcome of the proposed algebraic analysis is a novel, nonclassical and nonrelativistic theory of photoinertial and electroinertial linear momenta that treats heisenberg-ian path distances as functions of the de Broglie wavelengths, and all photoinertial and electromagnetic energy events as byproducts of electrical processes. Bohr complementarity is easily avoided, once the Heisenberg Principle is demonstrated to be an erroneous interpretation of the quantum nature of the energy processes associated with massbound particles.
Unlike other physical theories, Aetherometry claims that the wave interference phenomena of massbound particles is caused by the diffraction of the electric waves of their kinetic energy, and not by a much misunderstood particle-wave duality. The new analytical treatment proposes that kinetic energy is captured field energy adapted to the inertial and magnetic constraints of massbound charges. The coincidence of two independent, nonclassical and nonrelativistic analyses - one inertial and the other electric - in the determination of the experimentally observed de Broglie wavelengths and momenta of electrons and massbound charges highlights the central contention that the paths of the accelerated charges in a beam are electric functions of its kinetic energy, and reflect in part the more fundamental interference properties of the underlying flux of a massfree electric field. Conversely, the interference properties of photons only directly reflect the interference properties of moving but decelerating charges. Written as an antidote to Richard Feynman's famous lecture, the present communication suggests that there is a method, after all, to count how many electrons pass through a slit, in a double-slit experiment.
Abstract One of the foundational principles of quantum mechanics is Heisenberg’s uncertainty relation. According to this relation, no one can measure both the position of a particle and how fast it is moving simultaneously no matter how precise the measuring instruments. Heisenberg’s uncertainty relation and the associated Bohr’s principle of complementarity are explained using simple examples. The idea that measurement disturbs the system is a source of the uncertainty. The philosophical question whether the uncertainty represents only our inability to measure the properties precisely or it has much deeper consequences related to the question of reality is also discussed.
Since the publication of Heisenberg’s paper1 on the “anschaulichen Inhalt” of quantum mechanics, discussions of the fundamental limitations on the accuracy of physical measurements have been much in the foreground. According to Heisenberg, the quantum mechanics implies that it is impossible to measure simultaneous values of a coordinate and its conjugate momentum with unlimited precision. Instead, if Δp be the estimated error or uncertainty in a momentum and Δq that in the associated coordinate one must have the inequality, ΔpΔq>h2π \Delta p\Delta q>\frac{h}{{2\pi}} ΔpΔq>2πh​ (1) This inequality has come to be known quite generally as Heisenberg’s uncertainty relation.
Abstract This chapter examines some crucial experiments and basic principles of quantum mechanics that have strongly influenced the development of quantum theory in its modern form: starting from Planck’s law of black-body radiation and its derivation using the quantization of energy; Einstein’s photon hypothesis for the puzzle presented by the photoelectric effect and its test via the Millikan experiment; the Compton effect; Bohr’s theses for the structure of the hydrogen atom and the complementarity of waves and particles i.e., the wave-particle duality, culminating in de Broglie’s ideas for matter waves and their confirmation in the Davisson-Germer experiment for electron diffraction from a crystal; Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle for position and momentum as well as for energy an time; the famous double-slit experiment and Born’s probability interpretation, and finally the provocative thought experiment of Schrödinger’s cat
Because the particles follow a wave pattern of probability prescribed by schrodinger equation and we are guided by uncertainty principles, we often wrongly interpret the nature of reality. Heisenberg only prescribes the measurement problems of very small due to limitations of wave length of the observing beam and that is the natural limitation but wrongly we say that nature is acting indeterministi. Thus we wrongly understand uncertainty principles connecting t to saying that nature can never be precisely defined in momentum and position.In the same way we measure time in relativity theory confusing the very notion of time.
Abstract In 1925, de Broglie hypothesized that any material particle has an associated wave with /h p . Electron diffraction seems to support that Hypothesis. But then, the electron at rest will have infinite wavelength, and infinite wave phase velocity. This says that for a material particle, the de Broglie relation does not hold. Failed attempts to save the postulate, kept the flawed relation, and modified the waves into train waves, pilot waves, probability waves, … to name a few. We keep the de Broglie waves unchanged, and modify the relation. First, we observe that the Planck energy E h used by de Broglie defines virtual electromagnetic waves. Consequently, for any particle, the virtual electromagnetic wavelength is / /c h mc , and / /h m c . Refinement of de Broglie argument, indicates that /h mmay be x , Heisenberg’s uncertainty in the particle location. de Broglie’s later analysis supports this interpretation, and we offer an explanation to particle diffraction as a consequence of Heisenberg’s uncertainty. We apply / /h m c to obtain the dispersion relations for the de Broglie virtual waves.