The spin relaxation within the radiative doublet of the exciton ground state in InAs/GaAs quantum dots is studied via ultrafast spectral hole burning spectroscopy. A biexcitonic resonance emerges due to relaxation of the exciton spin.
We detect a radiative cascade which initiates from a metastable biexciton state in a neutral semiconductor quantum dot. In this biexciton, the heavy holes form a spin-triplet configuration, Pauli blockaded from relaxation to the spin-singlet ground state. The triplet biexciton has two photon-phonon-photon decay paths. Unlike in the singlet-ground-state biexciton radiative cascade, in which the two photons are colinearly polarized, in the triplet-biexciton cascade they are cross-linearly polarized. We measured the two-photon polarization density matrix and show that the phonon emitted when the intermediate exciton relaxes from excited to ground state, preserves the exciton's spin. The phonon, thus, does not carry with it any which-path information other than its energy. Nevertheless, entanglement distillation by spectral filtering was found to be rather ineffective for this cascade. This deficiency results from the opposite sign of the anisotropic electron-hole exchange interaction in the excited exciton relative to that in the ground exciton.
Femtosecond spectral hole burning experiments were performed on InAs/GaAs quantum dots to investigate the influence of high excitation intensities. The observation of additional spectral holes, as well as distinct absorption line broadening are both attributed to two-photon absorption processes. These spectral holes can be unambiguously assigned to degenerate two-photon biexciton creation, whereas the absorption line broadening is a direct result of Coulomb renormalization, initiated by carriers created through two-photon absorption in the surrounding GaAs crystal matrix and the InAs wetting layer.