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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)

Experimental observation of coherent destruction of tunnelling in a driven double-well potential

Giuseppe Della Valle, Marco Ornigotti, P. Laporta, Stefano Longhi, Elena Cianci, Vittorio Foglietti

Published Jun 1, 2007• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this contribution we report on a direct visualization of CDT using an optical realization of the quantum-mechanical driven double-well Hamiltonian based on two tunneling-coupled waveguides with a sinusoidally-curved axis. Our experimental implementation makes it possible for the first time to directly trace the wave function evolution in the driven double-well potential by exploiting the fluorescence pattern observed in an active erbium-ytterbium:glass waveguide.

DOI
10.1109/cleoe-iqec.2007.4386991

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In this contribution we report on a direct visualization of CDT using an optical realization of the quantum-mechanical driven double-well Hamiltonian based on two tunneling-coupled waveguides with a sinusoidally-curved axis. Our experimental implementation makes it possible for the first time to directly trace the wave function evolution in the driven double-well potential by exploiting the fluorescence pattern observed in an active erbium-ytterbium:glass waveguide.
We report on a direct visualization of coherent destruction of tunneling (CDT) of light waves in a double well system which provides an optical analog of quantum CDT as originally proposed by Grossmann, Dittrich, Jung, and Hänggi [Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 516 (1991)10.1103/PhysRevLett.67.516]. The driven double well, realized by two periodically curved waveguides in an Er:Yb-doped glass, is designed so that spatial light propagation exactly mimics the coherent space-time dynamics of matter waves in a driven double well potential governed by the Schrödinger equation. The fluorescence of Er ions is exploited to image the spatial evolution of light in the two wells, clearly demonstrating suppression of light tunneling for special ratios between the frequency and amplitude of the driving field.
We report on the first direct observation of coherent control of single-particle tunneling in a strongly driven double-well potential. In our setup atoms propagate in a periodic arrangement of double wells allowing the full control of the driving parameters such as frequency, amplitude, and even the space-time symmetry. Our experimental findings are in quantitative agreement with the predictions of the corresponding Floquet theory and are also compared to the predictions of a simple two mode model. Our experiments reveal directly the critical dependence of coherent destruction of tunneling on the generalized parity symmetry.
Abstract It is analytically and numerically shown that the coherent tunnelling between the individual wells of a symmetrical double well potential can be totally suppressed when it is driven by a periodic series of δ function in time, depending on the time period and strength of the δ function. We have applied time dependent perturbation theory to have an understanding over the process. In absence of any kind of perturbation, the average position of the particle makes a sinusoidal oscillation between two wells. With the application of a periodic δ function, the amplitude and the frequency of the oscillation both get modified. In this article we have explored how the frequency and strength of the applied perturbation controls the quantum dynamics of tunnelling and finally, how these parameters drive the system towards a complete stand still situation, which is described as coherent destruction of tunnelling.
We report on the experimental realization of a photonic system that simulates the one-dimensional two-particle Hubbard model. This analogy is realized by means of two-dimensional arrays of coupled optical waveguides, fabricated using femtosecond laser inscription. By tuning the analogous ``interaction strength,'' we reach the strongly interacting regime of the Hubbard Hamiltonian, and demonstrate the suppression of standard tunneling for individual ``particles.'' In this regime the formation of bound states is identified through the direct observation of pair tunneling. We then demonstrate the coherent destruction of tunneling (CDT) for the paired particles in the presence of an engineered oscillating force of high frequency. The precise control over the analogous ``interaction strength'' and driving force offered by our experimental system opens an exciting route towards quantum simulation of few-body physics in photonics.
With this work, I demonstrate the influence of a highly oscillating external field on the coherent tunneling of a quartic double-well potential. Extensive investigation on the tunneling rate of such a quantum system is made using the effective Hamiltonian formalism of (Rahav et al 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 110404; Rahav et al 2003 Phys. Rev. A 68 013820) for rapidly driven quantum systems. The present model explains the phenomena of chaos assisted tunneling (CAT), i.e. the enhancement of the tunneling rate. The two-level system (TLS) successfully explains the coherent destruction of tunneling (CDT). The effect of dissipation on CAT and CDT are also demonstrated in the present paper.
An optical analogue of two-photon Rabi oscillations, occurring in a three-level atomic or molecular system coherently driven by two detuned laser fields, is theoretically proposed and experimentally demonstrated using three evanescently coupled optical waveguides realized on an active glass substrate. The optical analogue stems from the formal analogy between spatial propagation of light waves in the three-waveguide structure and the coherent temporal evolution of populations in a three-level atomic medium driven by two laser fields under two-photon resonance. In our optical experiment, two-photon Rabi oscillations are thus visualized as a slow spatial oscillatory exchange of light power between the two outer waveguides of the structure with a small excitation of the central waveguide.