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Journal of Modern Optics

Phase control of Kerr nonlinearity in V-type system with spontaneously generated coherence

Hailong Gao, Hui Sun, Shuangli Fan, Hongjun Zhang

Published Sep 24, 2015• 10 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study phase control of linear and nonlinear optical responses in a three-level atomic system in V-configuration exhibiting spontaneously generated coherence (SGC). Because of the SGC effect, the strength of Kerr nonlinearity strongly depends upon the relative phase between the probe and control fields as well as the absorptions. By controlling the relative phase appropriately, large Kerr nonlinearity can be achieved with canceled linear and nonlinear absorptions. Combining with the phase modulation, the strict decay condition of spontaneous decay rates is not needed.

DOI
10.1080/09500340.2015.1086832

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We study phase control of linear and nonlinear optical responses in a three-level atomic system in V-configuration exhibiting spontaneously generated coherence (SGC). Because of the SGC effect, the strength of Kerr nonlinearity strongly depends upon the relative phase between the probe and control fields as well as the absorptions. By controlling the relative phase appropriately, large Kerr nonlinearity can be achieved with canceled linear and nonlinear absorptions. Combining with the phase modulation, the strict decay condition of spontaneous decay rates is not needed.
The linear and nonlinear pulse propagations in lifetime-broadened three-state media with spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) are investigated theoretically. Three generic systems of V-, ΛΛΛ-, and ΞΞΞ-type level configurations are considered and compared. It is shown that in linear propagation regime the SGC in the V-type system can result in a significant change of dispersion and absorption and may be used to completely eliminate the absorption and largely reduce the group velocity of a probe field. However, the SGC has no effect on the dispersion and absorption of the ΛΛΛ- and ΞΞΞ-type systems. In nonlinear propagation regime, the SGC displays different influences on Kerr nonlinearity for different systems. Specifically, it can enhance the Kerr nonlinearity of the V-type system whereas weaken the Kerr nonlinearity of the ΛΛΛ-type system. Using the SGC, stable optical solitons with ultraslow propagating velocity and very low pump power can be produced in the V-type system by exploiting only one laser field in the system.
We investigate the linear and nonlinear dispersion and absorption properties of a weak probe field in a slab doped with V-type atoms. The effect of relative phase between applied fields on linear and nonlinear dispersion and absorption is discussed. It is demonstrated that the system is phase-sensitive when spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) exists. The effects of coupling field intensity, incoherent pump, and phase difference between probe and coupling fields on Kerr nonlinearity are also presented.
We investigate the reverse saturable absorption (RSA) and optical limiting (OL) in a three-level V-type quantum system considering the effect of the spontaneously generated coherence (SGC). It is shown that in the absence of the SGC effect, the saturable absorption (SA) is dominant in the system. By taking into account the SGC effect, we prove that the SA dramatically switches to the RSA. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the OL threshold and OL efficiency can be controlled by the SGC effect. In addition, we show that the applied field properties such as detuning can modify the SGC-induced optical limiter efficiency. It is also shown an increase in the atomic density and length of the medium makes the optical limiter more efficient. The analytical calculation shows that the Kerr nonlinearity caused by the SGC effect is the main mechanism of the system evolution. Finally, the theoretical Z-scan experiment is presented to confirm the obtained results. Our proposed scheme can be useful to design controllable atomic optical limiters for optical devices with different sensitivities.
We propose a new scheme to generate stable ultraslow optical solitons in lifetime-broadened three-state V-type media via spontaneously generated coherence (SGC). We show that in the linear propagation regime, SGC in the system can result in a significant change of dispersion and absorption, which may be used to completely eliminate absorption and greatly reduce the group velocity of the probe field. In the nonlinear propagation regime, SGC can largely enhance the Kerr nonlinearity of the system. By means of SGC, stable optical solitons with ultraslow propagating velocity and ultralow generation power can be produced. Different from previous works, ultraslow optical solitons obtained in the present system based on SGC have much smaller attenuation during propagation and can be created by using only one laser field.
In a three-level atomic system, the influences of spontaneously generated coherence on the linear absorption and the Kerr nonlinearity are investigated. Our studies show that properties of linear absorption can be dramatically affected by the effect of spontaneously generated coherence. With increase of intensities of spontaneously generated coherence, absorption inhibition will occur, and finally the atomic medium becomes transparent. Furthermore, we find that the Kerr nonlinearity can be obviously enhanced under the action of effects of spontaneously generated coherence. Comparing with traditional scheme of the electromagnetically induced transparency, absorption and Kerr nonlinearity can be controlled without need another driving field in our scheme.
By investigating the third-order nonlinearity of a four-level ladder-type atomic system, it is found that, with spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) present, the nonlinear absorption or refraction can be significantly enhanced with vanishing linear absorption. We attribute the enhancement of nonlinearity mainly to quantum interference in the two decay pathways from the two upper closely lying levels. With a standing-wave trigger field, absorption or phase grating, which effectively diffracts a weak probe into high-order direction, can be induced by the SGC-enhanced absorptive or refractive nonlinear modulation. In contrast to the schemes for enhancing nonlinearity, no additional coupling field is required. Moreover, the present gratings result from the nonlinear modulation, which differs from the recent investigations based on linear modulation.