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Laser Physics Letters

Relaxation characteristics of (6s6p) 3P1 174Yb level

Igor V. Yevseyev, В. Н. Ищенко, Хворостов Евгений Борисович, Sergei A. Kochubei, Н. Н. Рубцова

Published Feb 16, 2007• 17 citations
Publisher

Abstract

First proposal is made to measure the ratio of stimulated photon echo power corresponding to two different mutual orientations of exciting pulses polarizations as a function of the buffer gas pressure to extract the spectroscopic information concerning the relaxation rates difference of orientation and alignment from these measurements. The absolute value of the difference between relaxation characteristics |γb (1)-γb (2)| corresponding to orientation and alignment of 3P1 (6s6p) level of 174Yb due to it's collisions with krypton atoms is measured. The fact of the difference between orientation and alignment relaxation rates is reliably stated.

DOI
10.1002/lapl.200710011

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Polarization stimulated photon echo technique is applied to measure the difference between relaxation rates of alignment and orientation of the level 3P1 (6s6p) of 174Yb. At the transition 1S0 (6s2) - 3P1 (6s6p) 174Yb (of type 0 ↔ 1) a collision induced echo is revealed, which is generated by two pulses of linear and mutually orthogonal polarizations. Photon echo arises exclusively due to collisions between atoms of ytterbium and buffer gases; its power depends non-monotonously on the buffer pressure, and the echo polarizations coincides with the polarization of the first exciting pulse of radiation.

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The decay rates of alignment and orientation of the upper level 174Yb (6s6p) 3P1 is measured as a function of krypton pressure. It is shown experimentally for the first time that anisotropy of relaxation, i.e. the dependence of the relaxation rate on the direction of motion of active atoms, implies a new phenomenon of a collision two-pulsed photon echo, with its properties different as compared to «conventional» photon echo.

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Abstract For the first time, a complete set of decay parameters, due to collisions of 174 Yb atoms with noble gas atoms and with ytterbium atoms, was experimentally found for the 174 Yb (6s6p) 3 P 1 level. The method of stimulated photon echo with special angles between the polarization vectors of light pulses forming an echo at the 174 Yb (6s 2 ) 1 S 0 —(6s6p) 3 P 1 transition (type 0 ↔ 1 ) is used. For each buffer gas of He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, and Yb, the decay rate constants of population, orientation and alignment for the collision destruction of the 3 P 1 level of 174 Yb atoms are determined. All the decay rates demonstrated their linear increase with a buffer gas pressure, and the corresponding relaxation constants are determined. Each of the indicated relaxation constants, as well as the difference between the alignment and orientation relaxation constants, increases with the increasing buffer gas mass.

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First proposal is made to measure the ratio of stimulated photon echo power corresponding to two different mutual orientations of exciting pulses polarizations as a function of the buffer gas pressure to extract the spectroscopic information concerning the relaxation rates difference of orientation and alignment from these measurements. The absolute value of the difference between relaxation characteristics |γb (1)-γb (2)| corresponding to orientation and alignment of 3P1 (6s6p) level of 174Yb due to it's collisions with krypton atoms is measured. The fact of the difference between orientation and alignment relaxation rates is reliably stated.
Polarization stimulated photon echo technique is applied to measure the difference between relaxation rates of alignment and orientation of the level 3P1 (6s6p) of 174Yb. At the transition 1S0 (6s2) - 3P1 (6s6p) 174Yb (of type 0 ↔ 1) a collision induced echo is revealed, which is generated by two pulses of linear and mutually orthogonal polarizations. Photon echo arises exclusively due to collisions between atoms of ytterbium and buffer gases; its power depends non-monotonously on the buffer pressure, and the echo polarizations coincides with the polarization of the first exciting pulse of radiation.
Isotropic depolarizing collisions are studied using a stimulated photon echo with a specific polarization of the excitation radiation pulses in a mixture of ytterbium with krypton for the J = 1 ⇄ J = 0 transition of 174Yb. The difference between the relaxation rates of orientation and alignment γ (2) − γ (1) of the 3 P 1(6s6p) 174Yb level is measured as a function of the krypton pressure. The collision photon echo at the J = 1 ⇄ J = 0 transition induced by the anisotropic relaxation is studied for the Yb + Xe mixture. The power of the collision echo increases from zero with the addition of a buffer gas to ytterbium, reaches an optimal level, and decreases with an increase in the buffer gas pressure. The polarization of this collision-induced echo differs from the polarization of the conventional echo. The experimental results are in qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions.
Abstract For the first time, a complete set of decay parameters, due to collisions of 174 Yb atoms with noble gas atoms and with ytterbium atoms, was experimentally found for the 174 Yb (6s6p) 3 P 1 level. The method of stimulated photon echo with special angles between the polarization vectors of light pulses forming an echo at the 174 Yb (6s 2 ) 1 S 0 —(6s6p) 3 P 1 transition (type 0 ↔ 1 ) is used. For each buffer gas of He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, and Yb, the decay rate constants of population, orientation and alignment for the collision destruction of the 3 P 1 level of 174 Yb atoms are determined. All the decay rates demonstrated their linear increase with a buffer gas pressure, and the corresponding relaxation constants are determined. Each of the indicated relaxation constants, as well as the difference between the alignment and orientation relaxation constants, increases with the increasing buffer gas mass.
The phenomenon of modified stimulated photon echo is registered on two adjacent quantum transitions of 174Yb atoms. The experiments were performed in a rarefied atomic vapour of ytterbium, strongly diluted by the noble gas xenon. Light pulses of linear polarization with specially selected mutual orientations of the polarization vectors were used to excite the atoms, which made it possible to measure the relaxation rates of the orientation and alignment for a three times degenerated intermediate quantum level of 174Yb atoms. The method of modified stimulated photon echo is compared to the method of conventional stimulated photon echo.