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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Precise micro-fabrication of structures to enhance photon collection from diamond color centers

John Patrick Hadden, Luca Marseglia, A. C. Stanley‐Clarke, Jake Kennard, J. P. Harrison, Y.-L. D. Ho, Brian Patton, John Rarity, Jeremy L. O’Brien

Published Jan 1, 2011• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Diamond color centers show promise in quantum photonics applications. However practical implementation is limited by low photon collection efficiency. We report precise fabrication of structures which substantially increase collection efficiency from color centers.
DOI
10.1364/cleo_at.2011.jtui20

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The past decade has seen great advances in developing color centers in diamond for sensing, quantum information processing, and tests of quantum foundations. Increasingly, the success of these applications as well as fundamental investigations of light-matter interaction depend on improved control of optical interactions with color centers -- from better fluorescence collection to efficient and precise coupling with confined single optical modes. Wide ranging research efforts have been undertaken to address these demands through advanced nanofabrication of diamond. This review will cover recent advances in diamond nano- and microphotonic structures for efficient light collection, color center to nanocavity coupling, hybrid integration of diamond devices with other material systems, and the wide range of fabrication methods that have enabled these complex photonic diamond systems.
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Diamond is a leading contender as the material of choice for the quantum computer industry. This potential arises mainly from the quantum properties of color centers in diamond. However, before diamond can realize its full potential, the technology to fabricate and sculpt diamond as well as, if not better than, silicon must be developed. A comprehensive processing capability for diamond that will allow the fabrication of qubits and their associated photonic structures is required. Here we describe the remarkable properties of diamond color centers, and the techniques being developed to engineer qubits and sculpt monolithic structures around them. Finally we outline some of the new proposals that use engineered diamond to realize tasks not possible with existing technologies.
The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color center in diamond is a promising solid-state quantum system at room temperature. However, its sensitivity is limited by its low fluorescence collection efficiency, and its coherence time is limited by spin interference of impurity electrons around the NV color center. Here, we innovatively fabricated a one-dimensional photonic crystal on the surface of diamond, which greatly improved the fluorescence intensity of the NV color centers and increased the sensitivity of NV ensembles by a factor of 2.92. In addition, the laser reflected by the photonic crystal excites impurity electrons around the NV color centers, improving the electric field environment around the NV color centers, which exponentially prolongs the dephasing time (from 209 to 841 ns), opening avenues for NV color-center ensemble sensors.