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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Experimental implementation of quantum entanglement and hyperentanglement with a fiber-based two-photon source

Jun Chen, Matthew D. Eisaman, Elizabeth A. Goldschmidt, Jingyun Fan, Alan L. Migdall

Published Aug 28, 2008• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We describe the generation of entangled and hyperentangled photon pairs using a microstructure-fiber Sagnac interferometer, which is formed by a polarizing beam splitter and a highly nonlinear microstructure fiber twisted by 90° from end to end. This interferometer allows two identical four-wave mixing processes to occur on the same fiber principal axis, ensuring perfect spatial and temporal mode matching of the two four-wave mixing outputs on the polarizing beam splitter to create entanglement over the entire four-wave mixing phase-matching spectral range. With an average pump power of 220 μW, we measure a two-photon coincidence rate of 1 kHz with ▵λ = 0.9 nm. Two-photon interference visibilities exceed 91% for polarization-entangled photon pairs generated from this source, and are > 84% for both time-bin and polarization degrees of freedom for hyperentangled photons, all without subtracting accidental coincidences.

DOI
10.1117/12.794782

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We describe the generation of entangled and hyperentangled photon pairs using a microstructure-fiber Sagnac interferometer, which is formed by a polarizing beam splitter and a highly nonlinear microstructure fiber twisted by 90° from end to end. This interferometer allows two identical four-wave mixing processes to occur on the same fiber principal axis, ensuring perfect spatial and temporal mode matching of the two four-wave mixing outputs on the polarizing beam splitter to create entanglement over the entire four-wave mixing phase-matching spectral range. With an average pump power of 220 μW, we measure a two-photon coincidence rate of 1 kHz with ▵λ = 0.9 nm. Two-photon interference visibilities exceed 91% for polarization-entangled photon pairs generated from this source, and are > 84% for both time-bin and polarization degrees of freedom for hyperentangled photons, all without subtracting accidental coincidences.
We demonstrate generation of hyperentangled (time-bin and polarization) photon pairs via four-wave mixing in a microstructure-fiber Sagnac interferometer. The two-photon interference visibility in the time-bin (polarization) degree of freedom is 8888%\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2%88 (84(84%\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1%)(84 without subtraction of accidental coincidences, and Bell's inequality is violated by 27 standard deviations at a 1kHz1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kHz}1kHz coincidence rate.
We describe the preparation of a high spectral brightness, broad wavelength coverage, single-spatial mode source of polarization-entangled photon pairs operated at room temperature. The source takes advantage of single-mode fiber optics, highly nonlinear microstructure fiber, judicious phase-matching, and the inherent stability provided by a Sagnac interferometer. With a modest average pump power (300 μW), we create all four Bell states with a detected two-photon coincidence rate of 7 kHz per bandwidth of 0.9 nm, in a spectral range of more than 20 nm.
We describe the preparation of a high spectral brightness, broad wavelength coverage, single-spatial mode source of polarization-entangled photon pairs operated at room temperature. The source takes advantage of single-mode fiber optics, highly nonlinear microstructure fiber, judicious phase-matching, and the inherent stability provided by a Sagnac interferometer. With a modest average pump power (300 μW), we create all four Bell states with a detected two-photon coincidence rate of 7 kHz per bandwidth of 0.9 nm, in a spectral range of more than 20 nm.