Physical Review A

Generation of high-flux hyperentangled photon pairs using a microstructure-fiber Sagnac interferometer

Jun Chen, Jingyun Fan, Matthew D. Eisaman, Alan L. Migdall

Published May 15, 2008• 17 citations

Abstract

We demonstrate generation of hyperentangled (time-bin and polarization) photon pairs via four-wave mixing in a microstructure-fiber Sagnac interferometer. The two-photon interference visibility in the time-bin (polarization) degree of freedom is $88%\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2%$ $(84%\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1%)$ without subtraction of accidental coincidences, and Bell's inequality is violated by 27 standard deviations at a $1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kHz}$ coincidence rate.

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.77.053812

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Physical Review A

Generation of high-flux hyperentangled photon pairs using a microstructure-fiber Sagnac interferometer

Jun Chen, Jingyun Fan, Matthew D. Eisaman, Alan L. Migdall

Published May 15, 2008• 17 citations

Publisher

Abstract

88%\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2%

(84%\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1%)

without subtraction of accidental coincidences, and Bell's inequality is violated by 27 standard deviations at a

1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kHz}

coincidence rate.

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.77.053812

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Jun Chen, Jingyun Fan, Matthew D. Eisaman +1 more

SPIE eBooksSep 16, 20070 citations

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Jun Chen, Jingyun Fan, Matthew D. Eisaman +1 more

Frontiers in OpticsJan 1, 20070 citations

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Jun Chen, Jingyun Fan, Matthew D. Eisaman +1 more

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Experimental implementation of quantum entanglement and hyperentanglement with a fiber-based two-photon source

Jun Chen, Matthew D. Eisaman, Elizabeth A. Goldschmidt +2 more

We describe the generation of entangled and hyperentangled photon pairs using a microstructure-fiber Sagnac interferometer, which is formed by a polarizing beam splitter and a highly nonlinear microstructure fiber twisted by 90° from end to end. This interferometer allows two identical four-wave mixing processes to occur on the same fiber principal axis, ensuring perfect spatial and temporal mode matching of the two four-wave mixing outputs on the polarizing beam splitter to create entanglement over the entire four-wave mixing phase-matching spectral range. With an average pump power of 220 μW, we measure a two-photon coincidence rate of 1 kHz with ▵λ = 0.9 nm. Two-photon interference visibilities exceed 91% for polarization-entangled photon pairs generated from this source, and are > 84% for both time-bin and polarization degrees of freedom for hyperentangled photons, all without subtracting accidental coincidences.We describe the generation of entangled and hyperentangled photon pairs using a microstructure-fiber Sagnac interferometer, which is formed by a polarizing beam splitter and a highly nonlinear microstructure fiber twisted by 90° from end to end. This interferometer allows two identical four-wave mixing processes to occur on the same fiber principal axis, ensuring perfect spatial and temporal mode matching of the two four-wave mixing outputs on the polarizing beam splitter to create entanglement over the entire four-wave mixing phase-matching spectral range. With an average pump power of 220 μW, we measure a two-photon coincidence rate of 1 kHz with ▵λ = 0.9 nm. Two-photon interference visibilities exceed 91% for polarization-entangled photon pairs generated from this source, and are > 84% for both time-bin and polarization degrees of freedom for hyperentangled photons, all without subtracting accidental coincidences.

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We describe an achromatic, phase-stable, broadband source of polarization-entangled photon pairs with high spectral brightness that uses four-wave mixing in a fiber Sagnac interferometer. We achieved a polarization-entangled two-photon coincidence rate of $7\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kHz}$ per $0.5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{THz}$ $(0.9\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm})$ of bandwidth per $300\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}\mathrm{W}$ of average pump power. At this rate, we observed two-photon fringe interference visibilities greater than 97%, over a $10\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{THz}$ $(\ensuremath{\approx}21\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm})$ spectral range. We measured violations of Bell's inequality by more than 22 standard deviations for each of the four Bell states in less than $3\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{minutes}$ per state. The high spectral brightness $(26\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kHz}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{nm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{mW}}^{\ensuremath{-}1})$, large tunable wavelength range, single spatial mode, and phase stability make this source a promising candidate for a wide range of quantum-information applications.We describe an achromatic, phase-stable, broadband source of polarization-entangled photon pairs with high spectral brightness that uses four-wave mixing in a fiber Sagnac interferometer. We achieved a polarization-entangled two-photon coincidence rate of $7\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kHz}$ per $0.5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{THz}$ $(0.9\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm})$ of bandwidth per $300\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}\mathrm{W}$ of average pump power. At this rate, we observed two-photon fringe interference visibilities greater than 97%, over a $10\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{THz}$ $(\ensuremath{\approx}21\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm})$ spectral range. We measured violations of Bell's inequality by more than 22 standard deviations for each of the four Bell states in less than $3\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{minutes}$ per state. The high spectral brightness $(26\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kHz}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{nm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{mW}}^{\ensuremath{-}1})$, large tunable wavelength range, single spatial mode, and phase stability make this source a promising candidate for a wide range of quantum-information applications.

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arXiv:quant-ph/0408032Physical Review ASep 30, 2004223 citations

88%\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2%

(84%\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1%)

without subtraction of accidental coincidences, and Bell's inequality is violated by 27 standard deviations at a

1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kHz}

coincidence rate.

7\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kHz}

per

0.5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{THz}

(0.9\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm})

of bandwidth per $300\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}\mathrm{W}$ of average pump power. At this rate, we observed two-photon fringe interference visibilities greater than 97%, over a

10\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{THz}

$(\ensuremath{\approx}21\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm})$ spectral range. We measured violations of Bell's inequality by more than 22 standard deviations for each of the four Bell states in less than

3\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{minutes}

per state. The high spectral brightness $(26\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kHz}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{nm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{mW}}^{\ensuremath{-}1})$, large tunable wavelength range, single spatial mode, and phase stability make this source a promising candidate for a wide range of quantum-information applications.

>90%

visibilities, and observed a violation of Bell's inequality by seven standard deviations. We also confirmed the preservation of the quantum correlation between the photons even after they had been separated by 20 km of optical fiber.