Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Physical Review Letters

“Interaction” (Energy Exchange) Free and Quantum Nondemolition Measurements

Anders Karlsson, Gunnar G. Bjork, Erik Forsberg

Published Feb 9, 1998• 30 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We analyze ``interaction'' (energy exchange) free measurements on classical and quantum objects. We show the transition from a classical ``interaction free'' measurement to a quantum nondemolition measurement of atom number, and discuss the mechanism of the enforcement of complementarity in atom interferometric interaction free measurements.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.80.1198

Related papers

Interaction-Free Measurements, Atom Localisation and Complementarity

Anders Karlsson, Gunnar G. Bjork, Erik Forsberg

We analyse interaction-free measurements on classical and quantum objects. We show the transition from a classical interaction free measurement to a quantum non-demolition measurement of atom number, and discuss the mechanism of the enforcement of complementarity in atom interferometric interaction-free measurements.

arXiv:quant-ph/9705006•May 7, 1997•1 citation

Theory of interaction-free measurements in cavity resonators

Anders Karlsson, Gunnar G. Bjork, Tedros Tsegaye

We analyze interaction-free measurements in cavity resonators. We study both classical objects and quantum objects: two-level atoms strongly coupled to a cavity mode. We also discuss complementarity in interaction-free measurement.

Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Dec 1, 1998•3 citations

Quantum coherence and interaction-free measurements

Sierk Pötting, Eun Seong Lee, W. Schmitt +3 more

We investigate the extent to which ``interaction-free'' measurements perturb the state of quantum systems. We show that the absence of energy exchange during the measurement is not a sufficient criterion to preserve that state, as the quantum system is subject to measurement-dependent decoherence. While it is possible in general to design interaction-free measurement schemes that do preserve that state, the requirement of quantum coherence preservation rapidly leads to a very low efficiency. Our results, which have a simple interpretation in terms of ``which-way'' arguments, open up the way to novel quantum nondemolition techniques.

arXiv:quant-ph/0007014•Physical Review A•Nov 14, 2000•14 citations

“Interaction-free” measurements of quantum objects?

Andrew G. White, Paul G. Kwiat, Daniel F. V. James

It is now well established that the presence of an opaque classical object can be unambiguously determined by an "interaction-free" measurement (IFM), where the object and the probe never directly interact. For quantum objects, we examine "interaction-free" measurement (the object wavefunction is unchanged) and "interaction-free" preparation (the object wavefunction is changed without physical interaction) and find that in general, neither is possible. We propose using high efficiency IFM's as a quantum information bus to connect disjoint quantum systems.

Mysteries, Puzzles, and Paradoxes in Quantum Mechanics•Jan 1, 1999•0 citations

Interaction-free measurements of quantum objects

Xingxiang Zhou, M. J. Feldman, Zheng-Wei Zhou +1 more

We show that it is possible in principle to realize a unit-efficiency initial state preserving interaction-free measurements (IFM) of quantum objects characterized by their superpositions. Some generalized work is also discussed.

Optical Fiber Communication Conference•Jan 1, 2001•0 citations

Quantum interaction-free measurement

Zhi-chuan Dong, Peng Zhuang

"Interaction-free measurements" (IFM) originate from the latest quantum interferometric technologies. The latest research of quantum optics demonstrates, by using the complementary wavelike and particlelike natures of photons, it is possible to make interaction-free measurements by which the presence of an object can be determined with no photons being absorbed. The paper introduces the concept of "Interaction-free Measurement" (IFM), the original Elitzur-Vaidman scheme, the "High Efficiency Interaction-free Measurement", the application of quantum Zeno effect and the improved scheme proposed by Kwiat et al. The EV scheme is implemented in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Theoretically this paper also draws a conclusion in IFM feasibility by analyzing the wave functions of photon at various locations in the interferometer.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Feb 13, 2006•0 citations
We analyze interaction'' (energy exchange) free measurements on classical and quantum objects. We show the transition from a classical interaction free'' measurement to a quantum nondemolition measurement of atom number, and discuss the mechanism of the enforcement of complementarity in atom interferometric interaction free measurements.
We investigate the extent to which ``interaction-free'' measurements perturb the state of quantum systems. We show that the absence of energy exchange during the measurement is not a sufficient criterion to preserve that state, as the quantum system is subject to measurement-dependent decoherence. While it is possible in general to design interaction-free measurement schemes that do preserve that state, the requirement of quantum coherence preservation rapidly leads to a very low efficiency. Our results, which have a simple interpretation in terms of ``which-way'' arguments, open up the way to novel quantum nondemolition techniques.
It is now well established that the presence of an opaque classical object can be unambiguously determined by an "interaction-free" measurement (IFM), where the object and the probe never directly interact. For quantum objects, we examine "interaction-free" measurement (the object wavefunction is unchanged) and "interaction-free" preparation (the object wavefunction is changed without physical interaction) and find that in general, neither is possible. We propose using high efficiency IFM's as a quantum information bus to connect disjoint quantum systems.
"Interaction-free measurements" (IFM) originate from the latest quantum interferometric technologies. The latest research of quantum optics demonstrates, by using the complementary wavelike and particlelike natures of photons, it is possible to make interaction-free measurements by which the presence of an object can be determined with no photons being absorbed. The paper introduces the concept of "Interaction-free Measurement" (IFM), the original Elitzur-Vaidman scheme, the "High Efficiency Interaction-free Measurement", the application of quantum Zeno effect and the improved scheme proposed by Kwiat et al. The EV scheme is implemented in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Theoretically this paper also draws a conclusion in IFM feasibility by analyzing the wave functions of photon at various locations in the interferometer.