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Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Even- and odd-order dispersion cancellation effects in a two-photon interferometer

Jing Qiu, Jian-Song Pan, Guo‐Yong Xiang, Yongsheng Zhang, Shensheng Han, You-Zhen Gui

Published Apr 24, 2015• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Dispersion cancellation effects have attracted much attention in both classical and quantum worlds. In this paper, we show that by implementing a delicate design in a Mach–Zehnder (MZ) interferometer, we can observe the cancellation of even- and odd-order dispersion by twisting the polarizers placed in front of two single-photon detectors. This polarization post-selection scheme demonstrates that the classical and quantum interferogram can be obtained in different cases in a single MZ interferometer.

DOI
10.1364/josab.32.000907

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Dispersion cancellation effects have attracted much attention in both classical and quantum worlds. In this paper, we show that by implementing a delicate design in a Mach–Zehnder (MZ) interferometer, we can observe the cancellation of even- and odd-order dispersion by twisting the polarizers placed in front of two single-photon detectors. This polarization post-selection scheme demonstrates that the classical and quantum interferogram can be obtained in different cases in a single MZ interferometer.
The even-order dispersion cancellation effect based on the frequency anti-correlated photon pairs has attracted much attention in the research of quantum dispersion cancellation in two-photon systems.In this letter, we demonstrate a four-photon quantum interferometry in which we can not only observe the even-order dispersion cancellation effect but also the odd-order cancellation.Importantly, the four-photon scheme can get a much better resolution than the two-photon case and help us get a better understanding of the interference phenomenon in a four-photon interferometry.
In a Franson interferometer two-photon interference fringes occur despite the photons never encountering each other [1]. This phenomenon is a fundamental demonstration of the nonlocal nature of quantum mechanics. It serves also as a direct proof of frequency-time-entanglement. Furthermore, it can benefit not only from local, but also nonlocal dispersion cancellation techniques [2], which is a very useful property when working with spectrally broad photon pairs. More specifically, one has to distinguish between dispersion occuring before the individual Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs), which constitute the Franson interferometer, and within them. Analysis of influences up to second order has shown that no loss of contrast can be expected from dispersion before the Franson interferometer. Differential second-order dispersion inside the interferometer, however, can cause a reduction of contrast in the interferogram [3].
Even-order dispersion cancellation, an effect previously identified with frequency-entangled photons, is demonstrated experimentally for the first time with a linear, classical interferometer. A combination of a broad bandwidth laser and a high resolution spectrometer was used to measure the intensity correlations between anti-correlated optical frequencies. Only 14% broadening of the correlation signal is observed when significant material dispersion, enough to broaden the regular interferogram by 4250%, is introduced into one arm of the interferometer.
We describe our theoretical and experimental results demonstrating two new techniques for manipulating dispersion in quantum interferometry using spectral and spatial properties of optical entanglement. First, we present a novel interferometer design allowing to demonstrate a new effect of simultaneous even- and odd-order spectral dispersion cancellation in a single experiment using entangled photons with frequency anti-correlated spectrum. Second, we for the first time demonstrate a spatial counterpart of the known quantum dispersion cancellation that leads to the removal of a detrimental effect of spatial aberrations. We discuss potential applications of novel technologies in high-resolution optical measurement and for designing aberration-free imaging schemes.