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Journal of the Korean Physical Society

Polarization-Modulated Quadrant Homodyne Detector for Single-Shot Measurement of the Polarization State of a Weak Signal Field

Sun-Hyun Youn, Nitin Jain

Published Jan 15, 2009• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.3938/jkps.54.29

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We present a homodyne receiver structure for the detection of weak coherent states that uses sequential in-phase and quadrature measurements on the received optical signal. This receiver performs the optical carrier phase tracking requiring only a single balanced homodyne detector, by including a postdetection Costas-loop-type feedback, which additionally allows the use of suppressed carrier modulations in the received field, for efficient transmission. We report an experimental interferometric self-homodyne setup for the sequential detection of low photon number, binary phase-modulated optical signals that consist of strongly attenuated laser pulses by using a reference field as the local oscillator with an alternatively switched phase. A Costas loop postdetection subsystem is implemented in discrete time to perform fast real-time optical phase tracking. We also present the experimental results of the homodyne postdetection statistics for received BPSK signals with very low photon numbers, and compare them with the theoretical uncertainty limit. Finally, we conduct bit error rate measurements over a wide range of signal level, as well as a comparison with the standard quantum limit.
We present a novel method to fully estimate Gaussian bipartite polarization states using only a single homodyne detector. Our approach is based on [Phys. Rev. Lett.102, 020502 (2009)10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.020502], but circumvents additional optics, and thereby losses, in the signal path. We provide an intuitive explanation of our scheme without needing to define auxiliary modes. With six independent measurements, we fully reconstruct the state's covariance matrix. We validate our method by comparing it to a conventional dual-homodyne measurement scheme.