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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)

Quantum pulse gate based on ultrafast frequency upconversion

Benjamin Brechty, A. Eckstein, Christine Silberhorn

Published May 1, 2011• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Quantum information applications call for information encoding schemes which offer high bitrates and the possibility to encode many qubits onto one carrier. Ultrafast pulsed quantum states of light feature an inherent rich spectral and temporal broadband mode structure, which is uniquely defined by their generation process. In ultrafast parametric downconversion for instance, the pair photons are usually generated in superposition states of many orthogonal broadband modes. Thus, they carry the potential for high dimensional quantum information encoding and high bitrates. However, even though the pulsed mode structure of quantum light is well known (see e.g. [1]), feasible ways of exploiting this natural resource in practical systems have not yet been explored.

DOI
10.1109/cleoe.2011.5943375

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Quantum information applications call for information encoding schemes which offer high bitrates and the possibility to encode many qubits onto one carrier. Ultrafast pulsed quantum states of light feature an inherent rich spectral and temporal broadband mode structure, which is uniquely defined by their generation process. In ultrafast parametric downconversion for instance, the pair photons are usually generated in superposition states of many orthogonal broadband modes. Thus, they carry the potential for high dimensional quantum information encoding and high bitrates. However, even though the pulsed mode structure of quantum light is well known (see e.g. [1]), feasible ways of exploiting this natural resource in practical systems have not yet been explored.
We introduce the concept of a quantum pulse gate (QPG), a method for accessing the intrinsic broadband spectral mode structure of ultrafast quantum states of light. This mode structure can now be harnessed for applications in quantum information processing. We propose an implementation in a PPLN waveguide, based on spectrally engineered sum frequency generation (SFG). It allows us to pick well-defined spectral broadband modes from an ultrafast multi-mode state for interconversion to a broadband mode at another frequency. By pulse-shaping the bright SFG pump beam, different orthogonal broadband modes can be addressed individually and extracted with high fidelity. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America
Full control over the spatiotemporal structure of quantum states of light is an important goal in quantum optics, to generate, for instance, single-mode quantum pulses or to encode information on multiple modes, enhancing channel capacities. Quantum light pulses feature an inherent, rich spectral broadband-mode structure. In recent years, exploring the use of integrated optics as well as source engineering has led to a deep understanding of the pulse-mode structure of guided quantum states of light. In addition, several groups have started to investigate the manipulation of quantum states by means of single-photon frequency conversion. In this paper, we explore new routes towards complete control of the inherent pulse-modes of ultrafast pulsed quantum states by employing specifically designed nonlinear waveguides with adapted dispersion properties. Starting from our recently proposed quantum pulse gate (QPG), we further generalize the concept of spatiospectral engineering for arbitrary χ (2) -based quantum processes. We analyse the sum-frequency generation-based QPG and introduce the difference-frequency generation-based quantum pulse shaper (QPS). Together, these versatile and robust integrated optical devices allow for arbitrary manipulations of the pulse-mode structure of ultrafast pulsed quantum states. The QPG can be utilized to select an arbitrary pulse mode from a multimode input state, whereas the QPS enables the generation of specific pulse modes from an input wavepacket with a Gaussian-shaped spectrum.
We introduce the concept of a quantum pulse gate (QPG), a method for accessing the intrinsic broadband spectral mode structure of ultrafast quantum states of light. This mode structure can now be harnessed for applications in quantum information processing. We propose an implementation in a PPLN waveguide, based on spectrally engineered sum frequency generation (SFG). It allows us to pick well-defined spectral broadband modes from an ultrafast multi-mode state for interconversion to a broadband mode at another frequency. By pulse-shaping the bright SFG pump beam, different orthogonal broadband modes can be addressed individually and extracted with high fidelity.
We introduce the concept of a quantum pulse gate (QPG), a method for accessing the intrinsic broadband spectral mode structure of ultrafast quantum states of light. This mode structure can now be harnessed for applications in quantum information processing. We propose an implementation in a PPLN waveguide, based on spectrally engineered sum frequency generation (SFG). It allows us to pick well-defined spectral broadband modes from an ultrafast multi-mode state for interconversion to a broadband mode at another frequency. By pulse-shaping the bright SFG pump beam, different orthogonal broadband modes can be addressed individually and extracted with near unit efficiency.