Japanese Journal of Applied Physics

Disappearance of Yb+ in Excited States from rf Trap by Background Gases

Kazuhiko Sugiyama, Jun Yoda

Published May 1, 1995• 11 citations

Abstract

Yb+ ions confined in a rf trap disappear due to some background gases when the Yb+ ions are in excited states. We examined O2, H2O, and H2 as the test background gas. We found that O2 gas enhanced the disappearance to a large degree, as did H2O gas to some degree, but H2 gas had little effect.

DOI: 10.1143/jjap.34.l584

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Japanese Journal of Applied Physics

Disappearance of Yb+ in Excited States from rf Trap by Background Gases

Kazuhiko Sugiyama, Jun Yoda

Published May 1, 1995• 11 citations

Publisher

Abstract

DOI: 10.1143/jjap.34.l584

Related papers

Production of YbH+ by chemical reaction of Yb+ in excited states with H2 gas

Kazuhiko Sugiyama, Jun Yoda

It is known that fluorescence of trapped ${\mathrm{Yb}}^{+}$ ions fades with continuous driving of the $^{2}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{1\mathrm{/}2}$ ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}^{2}$ ${\mathrm{P}}_{1\mathrm{/}2}$ transition in the presence of buffer gases. This phenomenon has been interpreted as being caused by population trapping in the $^{2}$ ${\mathrm{F}}_{7\mathrm{/}2}$ state of ${\mathrm{Yb}}^{+}$ . As another cause of the fluorescence disappearance, we found the production of ${\mathrm{YbH}}^{+}$ by chemical reaction of ${\mathrm{Yb}}^{+}$ in excited states with ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ gas. We found that the wavelengths of 369.482, 369.202, and 368.947 nm, formerly assigned as wavelengths for deexcitation of ${\mathrm{Yb}}^{+}$ in the $^{2}$ ${\mathrm{F}}_{7\mathrm{/}2}$ state to the $^{2}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{1\mathrm{/}2}$ ground state, are actually photodissociation lines of ${\mathrm{YbH}}^{+}$ . The change of the resonance point of rf resonance absorption signals indicates the production and dissociation of ${\mathrm{YbH}}^{+}$ ions. The production of ${\mathrm{YbH}}^{+}$ may be a problem in establishing frequency standards using buffer-gas-cooled ${\mathrm{Yb}}^{+}$ , owing to difficulty in removing ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ gas from vacuum systems.It is known that fluorescence of trapped ${\mathrm{Yb}}^{+}$ ions fades with continuous driving of the $^{2}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{1\mathrm{/}2}$${\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}^{2}$${\mathrm{P}}_{1\mathrm{/}2}$ transition in the presence of buffer gases. This phenomenon has been interpreted as being caused by population trapping in the $^{2}$ ${\mathrm{F}}_{7\mathrm{/}2}$ state of ${\mathrm{Yb}}^{+}$ . As another cause of the fluorescence disappearance, we found the production of ${\mathrm{YbH}}^{+}$ by chemical reaction of ${\mathrm{Yb}}^{+}$ in excited states with ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ gas. We found that the wavelengths of 369.482, 369.202, and 368.947 nm, formerly assigned as wavelengths for deexcitation of ${\mathrm{Yb}}^{+}$ in the $^{2}$ ${\mathrm{F}}_{7\mathrm{/}2}$ state to the $^{2}$ ${\mathrm{S}}_{1\mathrm{/}2}$ ground state, are actually photodissociation lines of ${\mathrm{YbH}}^{+}$ . The change of the resonance point of rf resonance absorption signals indicates the production and dissociation of ${\mathrm{YbH}}^{+}$ ions. The production of ${\mathrm{YbH}}^{+}$ may be a problem in establishing frequency standards using buffer-gas-cooled ${\mathrm{Yb}}^{+}$ , owing to difficulty in removing ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ gas from vacuum systems.

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Population trapping in excited Yb ions

H. Lehmitz, J. Hattendorf-Ledwoch, R. Blatt +1 more

Resonant laser excitation of Yb ions confined in an rf ion trap is found to result in perfect population trapping in the highly metastable $^{2}\mathrm{F}_{7/2}$ state. The lifetime of this level is measured to be greater than 8 days. Population and depopulation of this level under narrow- and broad-band laser excitation conditions is investigated and its potentiality for ultimate-resolution laser spectroscopy indicated.Resonant laser excitation of Yb ions confined in an rf ion trap is found to result in perfect population trapping in the highly metastable $^{2}\mathrm{F}_{7/2}$ state. The lifetime of this level is measured to be greater than 8 days. Population and depopulation of this level under narrow- and broad-band laser excitation conditions is investigated and its potentiality for ultimate-resolution laser spectroscopy indicated.

Physical Review LettersMay 1, 198972 citations

It is known that fluorescence of trapped

{\mathrm{Yb}}^{+}

ions fades with continuous driving of the

^{2}

{\mathrm{S}}_{1\mathrm{/}2}

${\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}^{2}$

{\mathrm{P}}_{1\mathrm{/}2}

transition in the presence of buffer gases. This phenomenon has been interpreted as being caused by population trapping in the

^{2}

{\mathrm{F}}_{7\mathrm{/}2}

state of

{\mathrm{Yb}}^{+}

. As another cause of the fluorescence disappearance, we found the production of

{\mathrm{YbH}}^{+}

by chemical reaction of

{\mathrm{Yb}}^{+}

in excited states with

{\mathrm{H}}_{2}

gas. We found that the wavelengths of 369.482, 369.202, and 368.947 nm, formerly assigned as wavelengths for deexcitation of

{\mathrm{Yb}}^{+}

in the

^{2}

{\mathrm{F}}_{7\mathrm{/}2}

state to the

^{2}

{\mathrm{S}}_{1\mathrm{/}2}

ground state, are actually photodissociation lines of

{\mathrm{YbH}}^{+}

. The change of the resonance point of rf resonance absorption signals indicates the production and dissociation of

{\mathrm{YbH}}^{+}

ions. The production of

{\mathrm{YbH}}^{+}

may be a problem in establishing frequency standards using buffer-gas-cooled

{\mathrm{Yb}}^{+}

, owing to difficulty in removing

{\mathrm{H}}_{2}

gas from vacuum systems.

^{2}

{\mathit{S}}_{1/2}

${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\leftrightarrows}}}^{2}$

{\mathit{P}}_{3/2}

transition was excited with 329-nm laser light. Buffer gases used include

{\mathrm{H}}_{2}

{\mathrm{N}}_{2}

{\mathrm{CO}}_{2}

, Ar, and He at several different pressure regimes. We have identified

{\mathrm{N}}_{2}

to be highly efficient in quenching the population of the trapping states and thus be the most suitable buffer gas to use with ytterbium for the development of a trapped-ion microwave frequency standard.

Resonant laser excitation of Yb ions confined in an rf ion trap is found to result in perfect population trapping in the highly metastable

^{2}\mathrm{F}_{7/2}

state. The lifetime of this level is measured to be greater than 8 days. Population and depopulation of this level under narrow- and broad-band laser excitation conditions is investigated and its potentiality for ultimate-resolution laser spectroscopy indicated.