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Quantum and Semiclassical Optics Journal of the European Optical Society Part B

Lasing without inversion via a self-pulsing instability

V. J. Sánchez-Morcillo, Eugenio Roldán, G.J. de Valcarel

Published Oct 1, 1995• 19 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The author demonstrate that lasing without inversion can be achieved through a self-pulsing instability. This is shown for the resonant coherently driven three-level media proposed by Kocharovskaya, Mandel and Radeonychev (1992) as inversionless amplifiers of a monochromatic field. A usual instability giving rise to CW lasing is also found. Both instabilities are mutually exclusive, since they are primarily determined by opposite signs of the population difference between the two levels coupled by the driving field. The general necessary conditions for inversionless lasing are given and it is found that the two instabilities require a good quality cavity and are produced in a limited range of driving field intensity.

DOI
10.1088/1355-5111/7/5/010

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The author demonstrate that lasing without inversion can be achieved through a self-pulsing instability. This is shown for the resonant coherently driven three-level media proposed by Kocharovskaya, Mandel and Radeonychev (1992) as inversionless amplifiers of a monochromatic field. A usual instability giving rise to CW lasing is also found. Both instabilities are mutually exclusive, since they are primarily determined by opposite signs of the population difference between the two levels coupled by the driving field. The general necessary conditions for inversionless lasing are given and it is found that the two instabilities require a good quality cavity and are produced in a limited range of driving field intensity.
We characterize analytically the nature of the lasing solutions of a laser operating without population inversion. We consider models involving three-level media interacting with a strong driving field and a lasing field in the vicinity of the lasing threshold. We assess the influence of different relaxation and pumping schemes on the dynamics of these lasers. We use the atom-field detuning, the cavity detuning, and the linear gain as bifurcation parameters. Depending on their values, the stable lasing solution is shown to be cw or self-pulsing. We show that the optimal lasing operation is achieved if both the driving field frequency and the cavity frequency are out of resonance with the atomic frequencies. Physically, the lasing regimes arise from nonlinearly interacting sidebands induced in the lasing medium by atomic interference.
Lasing without inversion (LWI) in specific models of closed three-level systems is analyzed in terms of nonlinear dynamics. From a linear stability analysis of the trivial nonlasing solution of the homogeneously broadened systems with on-resonance driving and laser fields, we find that, near lasing threshold, resonant closed Λ and V schemes yield continuous-wave LWI while resonant cascade schemes can give rise to self-pulsing LWI. The origin of this different behavior is discussed. For parameters of a real cascade system in atomic 138Ba we check numerically that the self-pulsing solution is stable in a broad range of nonzero detunings. It is shown that the self-pulsing emission can still be observed when the typical residual Doppler broadening of an atomic beam is taken into account.
Lasing without inversion (LWI) in specific models of closed three-level systems is analyzed in terms of nonlinear dynamics. From a linear stability analysis of the trivial nonlasing solution of the homogeneously broadened systems with on-resonance driving and laser fields, we find that, near lasing threshold, resonant closed $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ and VVV schemes yield continuous-wave LWI while resonant cascade schemes can give rise to self-pulsing LWI. The origin of this different behavior is discussed. For parameters of a real cascade system in atomic 138Ba{}^{138}\mathrm{Ba}138Ba we check numerically that the self-pulsing solution is stable in a broad range of nonzero detunings. It is shown that the self-pulsing emission can still be observed when the typical residual Doppler broadening of an atomic beam is taken into account.
We propose and study resonant ladder schemes of inversionless lasing on a fast-decaying transition when the population inversion is not possible or very difficult to achieve. The driving field on a neighboring, slowly decaying transition is not imposed externally, but is self generated in the same active medium. Inversionless lasing in such schemes avoids the problem of driving-field absorption and leads to considerable reduction in the required pumping rate. Applications of such schemes include inversionless ultraviolet and soft x-ray lasing in gas lasers and inversionless generation of coherent mid/far-infrared emission on intersubband (interlevel) transitions in multiple quantum-well or quantum-dot laser diodes.
Lasing without inversion (LWI) is investigated from a nonlinear dynamics point of view for an atomic system with three coupled J = 0-1 transitions. The driving and generated fields couple two of these transitions defining a double- scheme. In addition, two incoherent pump fields are acting on the system. We find that LWI can occur not only in a continuous wave regime but also in a self-pulsing regime. A clear physical interpretation of the origin of this self-pulsing LWI is given. We obtain analytically the threshold driving field intensity needed to achieve both continuous wave and self-pulsing LWI emission. For large enough cavity losses, the system can reach either continuous wave or self-pulsing regimes by only changing the driving field intensity.
We consider a three-level medium with low-frequency separation between the two upper levels. The medium interacts with an external field that induces a coherence between the two upper levels. We analyze the amplification condition for the probe monochromatic optical field in a general nonresonant case. We show that amplification without population inversion arises either at line center or at the sidebands, depending on the sign of the population difference between the upper sublevels. This amplification occurs in a limited range of the coherent pump intensity.