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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Excitation Of Two-Photon Intermediate Resonances With The Triplet States At Three-Photon Barium And Strontium Atom Ionization

І. І. Бондар, Nikolai B. Delone, Fedor A. Ilkov, В. В. Суран

Published Oct 21, 1986• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

At three-photon barium and strontium atom ionization the intermediate two-photon resonances with the triplet states were discovered. The ion yield maxima corresponding to two-photon singlet-singlet and singlet-triplet resonances have approximately the same amplitude. Large probability of two-photon excitation of the triplet states sharply differed from the case for one-photon excitation. The possible reasons leading to large probabilities of two-photon excitation of the triplet states are discussed.

DOI
10.1117/12.938690

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At three-photon barium and strontium atom ionization the intermediate two-photon resonances with the triplet states were discovered. The ion yield maxima corresponding to two-photon singlet-singlet and singlet-triplet resonances have approximately the same amplitude. Large probability of two-photon excitation of the triplet states sharply differed from the case for one-photon excitation. The possible reasons leading to large probabilities of two-photon excitation of the triplet states are discussed.
The probability of two-photon excitation of an atom by the intense laser light is calculated formally and the probability per unit time of the three-photon ionization of an atom by the laser light with finite spectral line width is obtained for the case where a two-photon resonance occurs in an intermediate atomic level and the line shape of the laser light is Lorentzian. It is shown that the probability of three-photon ionization is proportional to the square of photon flux in the case of low photon flux and large spectral line width.
The manifestation of double resonances upon the three-photon ionization of the samarium atom has been studied in a frequency range of 17200–18400 cm −1 . Thirty peaks caused by double resonances have been found in the dependence of the yield of Sm + ions on the laser radiation frequency. The majority of these peaks greatly exceed in amplitude the peaks associated with ordinary two-photon resonances. The influence of double resonances on the three-photon ionization has been theoretically analyzed using the density matrix approximation. The calculations show that the probability of the three-photon resonance ionization can increase by more than two orders of magnitude due to the additional one-photon population of an intermediate level. The double resonance slows down the rate of increase in the probability of ionization with an increase in the laser radiation intensity compared to ordinary two-photon resonance.
The manifestation of spontaneous Raman scattering upon the three-photon ionization of a samarium atom has been investigated. The dependence of the Sm+ yield on the laser frequency, along with the peaks due to the two-photon excitation of bound states from different levels of the 4f 66s 2 7 F ground term, exhibits a strong peak due to single-photon excitation of the 4f 55d6s 2 7 D°3 state from the 4f 65d6s 9 H 2 excited state. The 4f 65d6s 9 H 2 state was populated as a result of spontaneous Raman scattering. The large amplitude of the observed peak indicates a high efficiency of this process. The estimations performed indicate that the probability of resonant ionization through an excited state populated due to spontaneous Raman scattering can be comparable with the probability of three-photon ionization through the two-photon intermediate resonance. The necessary conditions for implementing this channel of resonant three-photon ionization are formulated.
Amplitude ratios of resonance maxima caused by two-photon transitions from different levels of the ground term of the samarium atom are studied experimentally and theoretically as functions of the laser-radiation field strength. The results of these studies are shown to be promising for identifying the resonance structure of three-photon ionization spectra of the samarium atom. A not yet observed excited even-parity state with energy E ≈ 36789.1 cm −1 and hypothetical values of total angular momentum J = 5, 6 has been discovered.