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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters

On the on-line stabilization of visibility of interference in fiber optic quantum cryptography

S. P. Kulik, S. N. Molotkov

Published Aug 1, 2014• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A method for the stabilization of the visibility of interference in fiber optic quantum cryptography has been proposed. This method allows “on-line” balancing of spatially separated interferometers without interruption of key distribution.
DOI
10.1134/s0021364014120091

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The possibility of controlling interference in two spaced fiber Mach–Zehnder interferometers and maintaining a nearly ideal visibility has been demonstrated for the one-way quantum cryptography system directly in the key distribution process through a communication channel with a length of 50 km. It has been shown that the deviation of the visibility from ideal is certainly due to the detected difference between the numbers of 0’s and 1’s in the raw (sifted) key. For this reason, an interferometer can be balanced only in the quasi-singlephoton mode without the interruption of the process of key distribution by using the difference between the numbers of 0’s and 1’s in the raw key as an indicator of an error. The proposed approach reduces the balancing time and, furthermore, does not require additional exchanges through an open communication channel.
The stability of destructive interference independent of the input polarization and the state of a quantum communication channel in fiber optic systems used in quantum cryptography plays a principal role in providing the security of communicated keys. A novel optical scheme is proposed that can be used both in relativistic quantum cryptography for communicating keys in open space and for communicating them over fiber optic lines. The scheme ensures stability of destructive interference and admits simple automatic balancing of a fiber interferometer.