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Quantum Teleportation using Entangled LEDs

R. M. Stevenson, Jonas M.C. Nilsson, K. H. A. Chan, Anthony J. Bennett, J. Skiba-Szymanska, Marco Lucamarini, Martin B. Ward, Ian A. Farrer, D. A. Ritchie, Andrew J. Shields

Published Jan 1, 2014• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Quantum teleportation can relay quantum information, and enable near-deterministic quantum circuits. Previous linear-optical implementations use optically excited, similar light sources. We show teleportation using electrically excited entangled light, even for dissimilar, laser generated input qubits.
DOI
10.1364/cleo_si.2014.sth1g.7

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Abstract Quantum cryptography allows confidential information to be communicated between two parties, with secrecy guaranteed by the laws of nature alone. However, upholding guaranteed secrecy over networks poses a further challenge, as classical receive-and-resend routing nodes can only be used conditional of trust by the communicating parties, which arguably diminishes the value of the underlying quantum cryptography. Quantum relays offer a potential solution by teleporting qubits from a sender to a receiver, without demanding additional trust from end users. Here we demonstrate the operation of a quantum relay over 1 km of optical fibre, which teleports a sequence of photonic quantum bits to a receiver by utilising entangled photons emitted by a semiconductor light-emitting diode. The average relay fidelity of the link is 0.90±0.03, exceeding the classical bound of 0.75 for the set of states used, and sufficiently high to allow error correction. The fundamentally low multiphoton emission statistics and the integration potential of the source present an appealing platform for future quantum networks.
All-optical quantum teleportation lies at the heart of quantum communication science and technology. This quantum phenomenon is built up around the nonlocal properties of entangled states of light that, in the perspective of real-life applications, should be encoded on photon pairs generated on demand. Despite recent advances, however, the exploitation of deterministic quantum light sources in push-button quantum teleportation schemes remains a major open challenge. Here, we perform an important step toward this goal and show that photon pairs generated on demand by a GaAs quantum dot can be used to implement a teleportation protocol whose fidelity violates the classical limit (by more than 5 SDs) for arbitrary input states. Moreover, we develop a theoretical framework that matches the experimental observations and that defines the degree of entanglement and indistinguishability needed to overcome the classical limit independently of the input state. Our results emphasize that on-demand solid-state quantum emitters are one of the most promising candidates to realize deterministic quantum teleportation in practical quantum networks.
Quantum teleportation represents a key protocol for several tasks in quantum information processing. Theoretically proposed in [1], it was successfully demonstrated with qubits encoded in various degrees of freedom and platforms. However, its implementation with qubits in the photon-number encoding is challenging, since their preparation is unfeasible with linear optics. Indeed, only entangled states could be teleported in previous teleportation demonstrations in this encoding [2], which has been raising a growing interest in quantum computation and communication tasks due to the recent technological improvements in single-photon generation and detection efficiency. On the other hand, quantum dot-based single-photon sources are raising attractivity due not only to their high generation rates, single-photon purity, and high photon indistinguishability, but also to their capability to generate coherent superpositions of photon-number states when driven in the resonance fluorescence regime [3].