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Journal of Modern Physics

Mathematical Modeling for Quantum Electron Wave Therapy

Gianamar Giovannetti-Singh, Sixian Zhao

Published Jan 1, 2012• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

The hypothesis suggesting that the physical process of quantum tunneling can be used as a form of cancer therapy in electron ionization radiotherapy was suggested in the IEEE International Conference on Electric Information and Control Engineering by G. Giovannetti-Singh (2012) [1]. The hypothesis used quantum wave functions and probability amplitudes to find probabilities of electrons tunneling into a cancer cell. In addition, the paper explained the feasibilities of the therapy, with the use of nanomagnets. In this paper, we calculate accurate probability densities for the electron beams to tunnel into cancer cells. We present our results of mathematical modeling based on the helical electron wave function, which “tunnel” into a cancer cell, therefore ionizing it more effectively than in conventional forms of radiotherapy. We discuss the advantages of the therapy, and we explain how quantum mechanics can be used to create new cancer therapies, in particular our suggested Quantum Electron Wave Therapy.

DOI
10.4236/jmp.2012.33031

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Abstract Steven Weinberg, one of the founders of the Standard Model of Physics, asked years ago [1]: is the wave function of quantum mechanics real, or is it just used by scientists to calculate? We try to find the answer. We study the general solution of the Schrödinger equation mathematically. We will prove that for satisfying the Schrödinger equation, the particle should possess a helical structure of mass density. Then we will prove further that (i) charged elementary particles and atomic nucleus fall into two categories: they have charge or, but different directions of charges helices, like right-handed electron and left-handed electron etc. (ii) Charge (or) distributes double helically on the particle side boundary. It generates and carries a double helix external electric field with the same velocity. (iii) This E-wave will be proved is just the de Broglie wave. (iv) Its function is particle’s state function in quantum mechanics. (v) Charged particle itself and the de Broglie E-wave it carries form a particle-wave hybrid structure. The E -wave exhibits all the possible states and probabilities; as for the particle itself it can take only one basis state randomly, such as at an eigen state in the atom and molecular or at a point on the interference pattern. (vi) The orbital motion of an electron in the lower energy layers of atom and molecule does not radiate EM energy to collapse into the nucleus. (vii) Self-interference of the hybrid structure can better explain the single particle double-slit interference
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This article examines the use of fractals to estimate the probability of classical events controlled by quantum processes. A hypothesis explaining the opposite charges of the positron and electron is discussed, as well as the relationship with the main modern theories of quantum mechanics, such as quantum electrodynamics (QED), string theory, etc. The relationship with the tunnel effect and the pulsed tunnel effect is considered. Examples of practical application of fractals are given, for example, in photocatalysts. The concepts of the effective mass of a photon and the quantum nature of elementary particles, the idea of their internal structure and the formation of matter from the point of view of quantum mechanics are touched upon. Particular attention is paid to the fractal structure of the quantum field as a probability associated with the formation of a positron or electron, and the mathematical connection with the Dirac equation, QED and the Schrödinger equation.