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International Journal of Theoretical Physics

Quantum Coherence and Bose-Einstein Correlations for Time-Dependent Source

Jie Liu, Jiong Cheng, Xiao Li Huang

Published Aug 24, 2012• 3 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s10773-012-1306-4

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•Jan 1, 2009•1 citation
A major advance in understanding the behavior of light was to describe the coherence of a light source by using correlation functions that define the spatio-temporal relationship between pairs and larger groups of photons. Correlations are also a fundamental property of matter. We performed simultaneous measurement of the second- and third-order correlation functions for atoms. Atom bunching in the arrival time for pairs and triplets of thermal atoms just above the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) temperature was observed. At lower temperatures, we demonstrated conclusively the long-range coherence of the BEC for correlation functions to third order, which supports the prediction that like coherent light, a BEC possesses long-range coherence to all orders.
We numerically study time-dependent quantum transport of an interacting Bose-Einstein condensate based on the Gross-Pitaevskii equation in a two-dimensional correlated disorder potential. The scattering- and transport mean-free-path is numerically calculated and compared with a diagrammatic approach. Furthermore we introduce the phenomenon of coherent backscattering in the context of Bose-Einstein condensates. In the limit of a vanishing atom-atom interaction, a sharp cone in the angle-resolved density of the scattered matter wave is observed, arising from constructive interference between amplitudes propagating along reversed scattering paths. Weak interaction transforms this coherent backscattering peak into a pronounced dip, indicating destructive instead of constructive interference. This agrees with results obtained from a diagrammatic theory of weak localization in the presence of nonlinearity. For intermediate interaction strength we observe intrinsic time-dependent dynamic, which leads to a suppression of coherent backscattering.