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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Phase Conjugation By Methylred Fixed In Gelatin Or Pmma Matrix

Hisashi Fujiwara, K. Nakagawa

Published Jan 1, 1987• 0 citations

Abstract

With a conventional degenerate four-wave mixing (um) configuration, the gelatin film containing fluorescein, erythrosin or eosin produces the phase conjugate CPC1 wave by not only the DFWM process but also the holographic process at the intensity of lower than 0.5 w/cm2 of light emitted by a cw Arion laser1). The holographic process differs from the DFWMprocess in the respect that light incident on a dye-doped film induces permanent photochemical changes in the absorption and/or the refractive index. The distinction between the two process is more clearly brought out in the response time of the PC wave by each process: the DFWM component with a fast response time of the order of milliseconds and the holographic component with a slow response time of the order of minutes2),3) Our aim is to demonstrate that a gelatin film containing methylreds can generate the PC wave only by the DFWM process, but a PMMA film containing methylreds can generate the PC waves by the DFWM and holographic processes.

DOI: 10.1117/12.967217

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With a conventional degenerate four-wave mixing (um) configuration, the gelatin film containing fluorescein, erythrosin or eosin produces the phase conjugate CPC1 wave by not only the DFWM process but also the holographic process at the intensity of lower than 0.5 w/cm2 of light emitted by a cw Arion laser1). The holographic process differs from the DFWMprocess in the respect that light incident on a dye-doped film induces permanent photochemical changes in the absorption and/or the refractive index. The distinction between the two process is more clearly brought out in the response time of the PC wave by each process: the DFWM component with a fast response time of the order of milliseconds and the holographic component with a slow response time of the order of minutes2),3) Our aim is to demonstrate that a gelatin film containing methylreds can generate the PC wave only by the DFWM process, but a PMMA film containing methylreds can generate the PC waves by the DFWM and holographic processes.

We present optical phase conjugation based on the degenerate four‐wave mixing (DFWM) arrangement in gelatin films doped with acid blue 3 dye (FAST GREEN FCF) using He‐Ne laser of total power 50 mW. Various parameters which influence the phase‐conjugate (PC) signal during the DFWM process were studied (angle of between the forward pump and the probe beam, transition of gelatin film, reflectivity as a function of forward and backward beam). A maximum phase‐conjugate beam reflectivity of about 0.02% has been observed in these dye‐doped gelatin films. PACS: 42.65.‐k, 42.65.Hw.

Optical Phase-Conjugation (OPC) has been observed in Methyl Green (MG) dye sensitized gelatin films in Degenerate Four-Wave Mixing (DFWM) configuration at 633 nm radiation from a He-Ne laser of total power 35 mW.The mechanism of Phase-Conjugate (PC) wave generation associated with this dye-doped system was discussed.The dependence of the PC wave generation on the incident angle between the forward-pump and the probe beams and time of evolution were also studied.A maximum phase-conjugate beam reflectivity of about 0.13% has been observed in this dye-doped gelatin films.

The properties of phase conjugate (PC) beams generated by an erythrosin/polyvinyl alcohol film are briefly reviewed along with demonstrations of PC interferometries, and an experimental study of the time dependence of the phase difference between saturable absorption and holographic components of the PC signal is reported. The results show that the phase difference between two components of PC signals changed temporally with a period of about nine minutes and reached 110 deg five minutes after the initiation of degenerate four-wave mixing at the pump beam intensity of 1 W/sq cm.

Optical phase conjugation through degenerate four-wave mixing is observed in 4-[4-(Dimethylamino)styryl]-1-docosyl pyridinium bromide (DASPB) dye-doped in Polymethyl methacrylate - metacrylic acid (PMMA-PA) polymer films under low-power, continuous-wave laser irradiation. A maximum phase conjugate efficiency of 0.42% has been obtained for probe beam intensity at 2.5 W/cm2. Phase conjugation is observed for both parallel- and orthogonally-polarized probe and pump beams. The maximum PC reflectivity is achieved when the angle between probe beam and forward pump beam is 8 degrees. The effects of dye concentration, inter beam angle between probe and forward pump beam on phase conjugation reflectivity are also studied. PC signal strength first increases and then decreases with time. PC reflectivity is also increased by increasing the intensity of the backward and forward pump beam. The polarization and intensity profile are verified to be preserved in the conjugate signal. The predominant phase conjugation signal is attributed due to the saturable absorption and two photon induced fluorescence property of the dye molecules.

Optical phase-conjugation (OPC) was observed in Acid blue 9 dye-doped gelatin via degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) using a low-power He-Ne laser at 633 nm. Phase-conjugate (PC) signal measurements were made by varying the angle of incidence between the forward-pump beam and the probe beam in the degenerate four-wave mixing geometry. Growth of phase-conjugate signal with respect to the recording time was also measured. Finally double-exposure phase-conjugate interferometry was demonstrated in these dye doped gelatin films.

Degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) is a simple method to achieve phase conjugation. It uses the third-order nonlinearity of the electric susceptibility to produce changes in the optical properties of materials. A dynamic grating is then induced. Such gratings might be used as fast optical memories in optical computing. Our aim is to find media with large nonlinear susceptibilities and fast response time. We report phase conjugation of 532-nm laser radiation by DFWM in dye solutions. The time dependence of the conjugated wave is investigated experimentally and compared to theoretical predictions. We have also studied the influence of the solvents, dye concentration, and pump intensity on the phase conjugated signal. The results are compared with those predicted by three nonlinear mechanisms. Thermally induced refractive-index changes, Kerr effect, and saturable absorption are considered.