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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics

Mechanism of spontaneous radiation relaxation of an impurity atom in a photonic band-gap crystal

Ashat M. Basharov

Published Aug 1, 1999• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

On the base of the concept of radiative interaction between atoms of two different species, a novel electric-dipole mechanism of spontaneous radiating relaxation of an impurity atom in a medium with a gap in the photonic density of states about the transition frequency has been suggested. A kinetic equation for an impurity atom has been derived, and polarizations of the photonic band-gap crystal and an induced electromagnetic wave at the spontaneous transition frequency due to the suggested mechanism have been investigated. The parameters of the induced wave are determined by those of the suggested mechanism, and this dependence can be used in experimental investigations of these parameters.

DOI
10.1134/1.558977

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Enhancement and suppression of the spontaneous emission of a two-level atom in a photonic crystal with a state-conservative photonic pseudogap

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Acta Physica Sinica•Jan 1, 2004•2 citations
On the base of the concept of radiative interaction between atoms of two different species, a novel electric-dipole mechanism of spontaneous radiating relaxation of an impurity atom in a medium with a gap in the photonic density of states about the transition frequency has been suggested. A kinetic equation for an impurity atom has been derived, and polarizations of the photonic band-gap crystal and an induced electromagnetic wave at the spontaneous transition frequency due to the suggested mechanism have been investigated. The parameters of the induced wave are determined by those of the suggested mechanism, and this dependence can be used in experimental investigations of these parameters.
Nutation oscillations of an electromagnetic wave propagating through photonic crystal with resonant impurities are studied theoretically in case when one energy level of impurity is in a gap in photonic states. It is shown that this impurity energy level serves as a trap for excitation of impurity atom when two-photon relaxation processes are essential in the electromagnetic field. This effect causes self-induced medium transparency and peculiar attenuation of nutation oscillation which allow studying experimentally two-photon relaxation.
It is shown that resonant interaction of a coherent wave with impurity atoms leads to filling of levels of an impurity atom that lie in the gap in the photon density of states and do not belong to resonant transitions, while the interaction of impurity atoms with a nonresonant coherent wave results in effective deactivation of the indicated levels. The main mechanism determining the pumping and decay of an impurity level in a gap are two-photon radiative relaxation processes previously investigated by the present author (Zh. Éksp. Teor. Fiz. 102 , 1126 (1992) [Sov. Phys. JETP 75 , 611 (1992)]).
It is shown that when an optically allowed transition is coherently excited in an impurity atom in a photonic crystal under conditions where one of the normal relaxation channels is suppressed by the spectral characteristics of the photonic crystal, new relaxation mechanisms are activated involving a coherent field quantum. These mechanisms substantially alter the dynamics of the atomic system, leading to filling of levels of the impurity atom which do not belong to the coherently excited atomic transition. Under certain conditions this leads to population inversion as a result of an optically allowed transition which does not interact with the coherent pump and at a frequency where no photonic band gaps can exist.
It is shown that there exist a conservation rule of the number of states in a photonic crystal with pseudogaps in the whole frequency regime, and a local conservation rule of the number of states in a photonic crystal with completely photonic band gaps in every band regime. These conservation rules state that, relative to the photonic density of states (DOS) in the effective medium of a photonic crystal, if a valley of the DOS in the photonic crystal appears in some range of frequencies, it must be compensated for by the increases over some other ranges. In this paper, using a model DOS with a state-conservative photonic pseudogap, we obtain naturally the enhancement and suppression of spontaneous emission of a two-level atom in a photonic crystal, and a DOS-induced suppression, enhancement, narrowing and redshift or blueshift of spontaneous emission spectra. Our theory will be especially appropriate in the problem of the spontaneous emission of a collection of dependently emitting atoms or molecules with essentially random dipole orientations in a photonic crystal with a photonic pseudogap.