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Optics Communications

Control of third harmonic generation through the phase of an additional third harmonic field

D. Xenakis, Natalia E. Karapanagioti, Costas Fotakis, Dimitrios Charalambidis

Published Jun 1, 1998• 9 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/s0030-4018(98)00135-7

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We investigate generation of the third harmonic (TH; λ = 355 nm) signal by two-colour excitation (λ = 1064 nm and its second harmonic, λ = 532 nm) in argon gas, with emphasis on the influence of relative phases and intensities of the two-colour pump on the third-order nonlinear frequency conversion process. Perturbative nonlinear optics predicts that the TH signal will oscillate periodically with the relative phases of the two-colour driving laser fields due to the interference of TH signals from a direct third-harmonic-generation (THG) channel and a four-wave mixing (FWM) channel. For the first time, we show unequivocal experimental evidence of this effect. A modulation level as high as 0.35 is achieved by waveform control of the two-colour laser field. The modulation also offers a promising way to retrieve the relative phase value of the two-colour laser field.
In a photonic nanowire the strong optical confinement allows for the phase matching of nonlinear interactions that would not normally be phase matched, while the large longitudinal component of the electric field serves to further enhance the effective nonlinearity. Thus such waveguides are good choices for studying nonlinear effects such as third harmonic generation. In this paper we analyse third harmonic generation analytically and present the criteria for optimal harmonic generation. In addition we analyse the inverse process of 1/3 harmonic generation and show that efficient parametric amplifiers can be made which would be a high brightness source of entangled photons for producing GHZ states.