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Journal of Modern Optics

Light-driven Optical Switch, Based on Excited-state Absorption in Activated Dielectric Crystals

Mark A. DUBINSKII

Published Nov 1, 1991• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We show that despite the generally held view that excited-state absorption (ESA) is a totally negative phenomenon in laser physics, in some cases it has useful applications in laser technology.
DOI
10.1080/09500349114552371

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The Review of Laser Engineering•Jan 1, 1996•0 citations
A method of suppression of losses due to excited-state absorption (ESA) in laser crystals is proposed, based on the well-known phenomenon of electromagnetically induced transparency. Typical situations in which ESA prevents lasing are considered. Theoretical analysis shows that by using an additional driving laser field one can inhibit ESA and make lasing possible. On the basis of available spectroscopic information estimates for rare-earth-ion-doped laser materials are presented. They show the feasibility of obtaining optical gain at parity-allowed $4{f}^{n}\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}4{f}^{n\ensuremath{-}1}5d$ transitions of rare-earth ions in the ultraviolet spectral region after suppression of ESA at an emission wavelength into the conduction band of a host material.
A negative input-output characteristic was obtained in an erbium doped yttrium aluminum garnet crystal which has multiple-level energy structure: absorption can occur between a ground level and an excited level (4I15/2-4I9/2) and between two other excited levels (4I13/2-2H11/2) in Er3+. According as modulation degrees of the incident laser decreased, the transmitted laser waveform was distorted and eventually inverted against the incident one in case that the modulation degree was less than 0.5. It is suggested that an enhanced absorption phenomenon takes place since the excited state absorption from 4I13/2 to 2H11/2 and that a 4S3/2 level plays an important role. Because the time-dependence of this phenomenon matches a life time of the 4S3/2 level. By considering multiple excited state absorption in detail, active functions such as an optical signal inverter could be derived from the negative nonlinear absorption effect.