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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Relations between input and output quantum states of integrated optical systems

Петер Адам, József Janszky, S. Szabo, E. Lugosi

Published Aug 19, 1998• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Relations between the input and the output quasiprobability distribution functions, Glauber's R-functions, and photon number representations of the input and output density operators are found for a general optical four-port device.
DOI
10.1117/12.320974

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The quasiprobability distributions (QPD) introduced by Cahill and Glauber much simplify calculating the density operator of the output of a linear quantum channel from the density operator of the input when the channel attenuates and is corrupted by thermal noise. This channel models, for instance, an attenuator viewed as a simple harmonic oscillator in contact with a heat bath, or the relation between the radiating field mode in the aperture of a transmitter and the field mode it excites at the aperture of a distant receiver. It is shown how the attenuation and the noise in the channel modify the dependence of the QPD on the ordering parameter s. The form of the QPD at the output indicates that the greater the attenuation, the more nearly the state of the output resembles a classical state. Indeed, the addition of thermal noise contributing on the average only one photon suffices to convert an arbitrary unimodal state into a classical state. The principal result of the paper is applied to determining the output of a quantum channel whose input mode is in a generalized coherent state.